Faktor-Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Taeniasis dan Sistiserkosis di Papua Barat
Abstract
Taeniasis and cysticercosis are zoonotic diseases pigs and still become a health problem in West Papua. In 2003-2004, the prevalence of taeniasis was 4.1% and cysticercosis 2.3%. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and determinants of transmission of the disease. A cross-sectional design was carried out in March-December 2016, with 1,489 of respondents. Data was collected through fingertip blood collection and interviews for determinant factors of taeniasis transmission and cysticercosis. Examination of blood samples was carried out using magnetic microparticle immunoassay. The results of the study on taeniasis proportion were 3.0% (n=1.489) and taeniasis determinant factors were education [RR=1.3; CI 95% (0.695-2.418); p=0.047], hand washing habits before eating [RR=12.3; CI 95% (5.857-25.853); p=0.0001], habit of washing hands after defecate (p=0.0001), consuming vegetables (p=0.0001), vegetables being washed in the river [RR=0.3; CI 95% (0.153-0.674); p=0.002] and consumption of roast meat [RR=0.3; CI 95% (0.166-0.570); p=0.0001]. The proportion of cysticercosis is 3.2% (n=1,489). and cysticercosis determinant factors are education [RR=0.3; CI 95% (0.162-0.819); p=0.011], hand washing habits before eating [RR=2.4; CI 95% (1.344-4.351); p=0.002], the habit of washing hands after defecate [RR=3.2; 95% CI (1.787-5.809); p=0.0001], nail hygiene [RR=2.8 CI 95% (1.415-5.546); p=0.002], consumption of vegetables [RR=0.3; CI 95% (0.179-0.577); p=0,0001], vegetables are washed in the river [RR=0.4; CI 95% (0.222-0.837); p=0.012]. Determinant factors of Taeniasis and cysticercosis were education level, hand washing, nail hygiene, consumption of vegetables, washing vegetables in the river and consumption of roasted meat. It is crucial to provide education to community about clean,healthy behavior, and consumption of cooked meat.
References
2. Neal SEO, Moyano LM, Ayvar V, Rodriguez S, Gavidia C, Wilkins PP, et al. Ring-screening to control endemic transmission of Taenia solium. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2014;8(9):e3125. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003125.
3. Winkler AS. Neurocysticercosis in sub-Saharan Africa : a review of prevalence, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and management. Pathog Glob Health. 2012;106(5):261-74. doi:10.1179/2047773212Y.0000000047.
4. Mayta H, Gilman RH, Prendergast E, Castillo JP, Tinoco YO, Garcia HH, et al. Nested PCR for specific diagnosis of Taenia solium taeniasis. J Clin Microbiol. 2008;46(1):286-9. doi:10.1128/JCM.01172-07.
5. Dharmawan NS, Swastika K, Putra IM, Wandra T, Sutisna P, Okamoto M, et al. Present situation and problems of cysticercosis in animal in Bali and present situation and problems of cysticercosis in animal in Bali and Papua. J Vet Juni. 2015;13(2):154-62.
6. Simanjuntak GM, Widarso HS. The current Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis situation in Indonesia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2004;35(Suppl 1):240-6.
7. Margono SS, Wandra T, Swasono MF, Murni S, Craig PS, Ito A. Taeniasis/cysticercosis in Papua (Irian Jaya), Indonesia. Parasitol Int. 2006;55:S143-S8. doi:10.1016/j.parint.2005.11.051.
8. Wandra T, Suroso T, Margono SS, Wandra T, Ito A. Challenges for control of taeniasis/cysticercosis in Indonesia. Parasitol Int. 2006;55:S161-S165. doi:10.1016/j.parint.2005.11.025.
9. Wandra T, Margono SS, Gafar MS, Saragih JM, Sutisna P, Dharmawan NS. Taeniasis/cysticercosis in Indonesia, 1996-2006. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2007;38(suppl 1):140-3.
10. Wandra T, Margono SS, Gafar MS, Saragih JM, Sutisna P. Current situation of taeniasis and cysticercosis in Indonesia. Trop Med Health. 2007;35(4):323-328. doi:10.2149/tmh.35.323.
11. Salim L, Ang A, Handali S, Group W, Tsang VCW. Seroepidemiologic survey of cysticercosis-taeniasis in four central highland districts of Papua, Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2009;80(3):384-388. PMID: 19270286.
12. Angeloni S, Cordes R, Dunbar S, et al. XMAP Cookbook “A collection of methods and protocols for developing multiplex assays with xmap technology”. 3rd ed. Austin, Texas: Luminex Corporations; 2016.
13. Baker HN, Murphy R, Lopez E, Garcia C. Conversion of a capture ELISA to a luminex xMAP assay using a multiplex antibody screening method. J Vis Exp. 2012;(65):1-7. doi:10.3791/4084.
14. Kerkhof K, Canier L, Kim S, Heng S, Sochantha T, Sovannaroth S, et al. Implementation and application of a multiplex assay to detect malaria-specific antibodies: a promising tool for assessing malaria transmission in Southeast Asian pre-elimination areas. Malar J. 2015;14:338. doi:10.1186/s12936-015-0868-z.
15. Rascoe LN, Price C, Shin SH, McAuliffe I, Priest JW, Handali S. Development of Ss-NIE-1 recombinant antigen based assays for immunodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015;9(4):e0003694. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003694.
16. Haushalter KJ, Vetcha S, Haushalter RC. Multiplex flow assays. ACS Omega. 2016;1(4):586-99. doi:10.1021/acsomega.6b00188.
17. Surastuti S, Ito A, Suroso T. The problem of taeniasis and cysticercosis in Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Med J Indones. 2001;10(2):110-4. doi:10.13181/mji.v10i2.18
18. Mwanjali G, Kihamia C, Vitalis D, Kakoko C, Lekule F, Ngowi H, et al. Prevalence and risk factors associated with human Taenia solium infections in Mbozi District, Mbeya. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(3):1-8. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002102.
19. Assa I, Satrija F, Lukman DW, Dharmawan NS, Dorny P. Faktor risiko babi yang diumbar dan pakan mentah mempertinggi prevalensi sistiserkosis. Jurna Vet. 2012;13(4):345-352.
20. Samorek-Pieróg M, Karamon J, Cencek T. Taenia solium. J Vet Res. 2018;62:27-34. doi:10.2478/jvetres-2018-0004.
21. Access O. Prevalence and risk factors for zoonotic helminth infection among humans and animals-Jos, Nigeria, 2005-2009. 2012;8688:2005-2009.
22. Gweba M, Faleke OO, Junaidu AU. Some risk factors for Taenia solium cysticercosis in semi‐intensively raised pigs in Zuru , Nigeria. Vet Ital. 2010;46(1):57-67.
23. Coral MR, Gabriël S, Coral-almeida M, Gabriël S, Abatih EN, Praet N. Taenia solium human cysticercosis: a systematic review of sero-epidemological data from endemic zones around the world. Neglected Trop Dis. 2015;(August):1-20. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003919.
24. Raliayu N. Faktor risiko terjadinya kecacingan pada anak sekolah di Kabupaten Balangan Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan. Bul Penelit Kesehat. 2010;38:12-17.
25. Thomas LF, Glanville WA De, Cook EAJ, Bronsvoort BM, Handel I, Wamae CN, et al. Modelling the risk of Taenia solium exposure from pork produced in western Kenya. Neglected Trop Dis. 2017;11(12):1-16. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005371.
26. Jayashi CM, Arroyo G, Lightowlers MW, Garcia HH, Rodriguez S, Gonzalez AE. Seroprevalence and risk factors for taenia solium cysticercosis in rural pigs of Northern Peru. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2012;6(7):1-5. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001733.
27. Ito A, Wandra T, Margono S, et al. Taenia solium status in the PNG-Indonesia border region. J Commonwaelth Vet Assoc. 2006;22(1):1-56.
28. Coral-Almeida M, Gabriël S, Abatih EN, Praet N, Benitez W, Dorny P. Taenia solium human cysticercosis: a systematic review of sero-epidemological data from endemic zones around the world. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015;9(7):1-20. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003919.
29. Swacita IBN, Agustina KK, Polos IW, Fitriani S, Natalia. Survei seroprevalensi Taenia solium sistiserkosis di Kabupaten Mimika, Papua. Bul Vet Udayana. 2015;7(2):161-166.
30. Yulianto HH, Satrija F, Lukman DW, Sudarwanto M. Seroprevalence and risk factors of porcine cysticercosis in Way Kanan District, Lampung Province, Indonesia. Glob Vet. 2014;12(3):774-81. doi:10.5829/idosi.gv.2014.12.06.83283
31. Sandy S, Oktavian A, Kawulur HS, Widiyanti M, Sasto IH, Maladan Y. Habit of cooking pork on hot stones as main risk of cysticercosis. Universa Med. 2018;37(2):88-96. doi:10.18051/UnivMed.2018.v37.88-96.
32. Sandy S. Kajian aspek epidemiologi taeniasis dan sistiserkosis di Papua. J Penyakit Bersumber Binatang. 2014;2(1):1-14
33. Chua T, Emmanuel J, Lee K, Menon J, Kan FK, Tee KS, et al. Taeniasis and neurocysticercosis among Malaysians. Trop Biomed. 2017;34(1):7-13
34. Aung AK, Spelman DW. Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis in Southeast Asia. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2016;94(5):947-54. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.15-0684
35. Mccleery EJ, Patchanee P, Pongsopawijit P, Chailangkarn S, Tiwananthagorn S, Jongchansittoe P, et al. Taeniasis among refugees living on Thailand–Myanmar border, 2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21(10):1824-6. doi: 10.3201/eid2110.141657.
36. Ng-nguyen D, Stevenson MA, Traub RJ. A systematic review of taeniasis, cysticercosis and trichinellosis in Vietnam. Parasit Vectors. 2017;(10):1-15. doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2085-9
37. Lightowlers MW, Garcia HH, Gauci CG, Donadeu M, Abela-Ridder B. Monitoring the outcomes of interventions against Taenia solium: options and suggestions. Parasite Immunol. 2016;38(3):158-69. doi:10.1111/pim.12291.
38. Ndi HN, Kimengsi JN. Mapping epilepsy risks through porcine farming in North West Cameroon Humphrey. J Heal Environ Sci. 2017;4(1):1-10. doi:10.5897/ISAAB-JHE2017.0035.
39. Bruno E, Bartoloni A, Zammarchi L, Strohmeyer M, Bartalesi F, Bustos JA, et al. Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in Latin America: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013;7(10):e2480. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002480.
Copyright (c) 2019 BALABA
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The Authors submitting a manuscript do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, the copyright of the article shall be assigned to BALABA .
Copyright encompasses exclusive rights to reproduce and deliver the article in all forms and media, including reprints, photographs, microfilms, and any other similar reproductions, as well as translations. The reproduction of any part of this journal, its storage in databases, and its transmission by any form or media, such as electronic, electrostatic, and mechanical copies, photocopies, recordings, magnetic media, etc., will be allowed only with written permission from BALABA.
BALABA, the Editors, and the Editorial Board make every effort to ensure that no wrong or misleading data, opinions or statements be published in this journal.
Click here to download Copyright Transfer Form.
