Identification of Primary Container of Aedes Mosquitoes Breeding Site in Urban Region of Dengue Endemic Area, Purwokerto Indonesia

Siwi Pramatama Mars Wijayanti; Devi Octaviana; Sri Nurlaela

doi:10.22435/blb.v16i2.2491

Siwi Pramatama Mars Wijayanti Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Jenderal Soedirman, Jalan dr. Soeparno, Kampus Karangwangkal, Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
Devi Octaviana Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Jalan dr. Soeparno, Kampus Karangwangkal, Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
Sri Nurlaela Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jenderal Soedirman University, Jalan dr. Soeparno, Kampus Karangwangkal, Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22435/blb.v16i2.2491

Keywords: dengue, container, mosquitoes, Aedes sp.

Abstract

Dengue prevention and control more reliant on reducing its vector, Aedes sp. mosquitoes by mosquito breeding nest eradication method. Therefore, identification of the primary container of the Aedes sp. breeding site particularly in the urban region of dengue-endemic area is a crucial effort to conduct an effective dengue prevention program. This research aimed to identify the primary container of the Aedes sp. breeding site in the urban region of the dengue-endemic area. This is a descriptive cross-sectional study, located in an urban region of dengue-endemic area within Banyumas Regency of Central Java Indonesia. A total of 300 houses in three urban areas were observed in urban areas of Purwokerto namely Arcawinangun, Purwanegara, and Karangpucung (100 houses each area). A total of 1504 water-holding containers were observed. All container was observed and recorded the type, color, lid condition, position, and the presence of mosquito larvae. The analysis was conducted by calculating the percentage of types, color, lid condition, and position of the container also the presence of mosquito larvae. The result of this study highlighted that flower pots and bathtubs were the primary types of containers with Aedes sp. larvae in the urban area. The characteristics of larvae-positive containers mostly open, bright, and located indoor position. Dengue prevention efforts by targeting the primary types of containers for mosquito breeding are expected to reduce the adult mosquito population.

References

1. Halstead S. Recent advances in understanding dengue. F1000Res. 2019;8:F1000 Faculty Rev-279. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.19197.1.

2. Medeiros AS, Costa DMP, Branco MSD, Sousa DMC, Monteiro JD, Galvão SPM, et al. Dengue virus in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in urban areas in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil: Importance of virological and entomological surveillance. PloS one. 2018;13(3):e0194108-e. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194108.

3. Leta S, Beyene TJ, De Clercq EM, Amenu K, Kraemer MUG, Revie CW. Global risk mapping for major diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID: official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases. 2018;67:25-35. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.11.026.

4. Harapan H, Michie A, Mudatsir M, Sasmono RT, Imrie A. Epidemiology of dengue hemorrhagic fever in Indonesia: analysis of five decades data from the National Disease Surveillance. BMC Research Notes. 2019;12(1):350. doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4379-9.

5. Nadjib M, Setiawan E, Putri S, Nealon J, Beucher S, Hadinegoro SR, et al. Economic burden of dengue in Indonesia. PLoS neglected tropical diseases. 2019;13(1):e0007038-e. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007038.

6. Wijayanti SPM, Porphyre T, Chase-Topping M, Rainey SM, McFarlane M, Schnettler E, et al. The importance of socio-economic versus environmental risk factors for reported dengue cases in Java, Indonesia. PLoS neglected tropical diseases. 2016;10(9):e0004964-e. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004964.

7. Wesolowski A, Qureshi T, Boni MF, Sundsøy PR, Johansson MA, Rasheed SB, et al. Impact of human mobility on the emergence of dengue epidemics in Pakistan. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2015;112(38):11887-92. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1504964112.

8. Kraemer MUG, Sinka ME, Duda KA, Mylne A, Shearer FM, Brady OJ, et al. The global compendium of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus occurrence. Scientific Data. 2015;2:150035. doi: 10.1038/sdata.2015.35.

9. Ferdousi F, Yoshimatsu S, Ma E, Sohel N, Wagatsuma Y. Identification of essential containers for Aedes larval breeding to control dengue in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Tropical medicine and health. 2015;43(4):253-64. doi: 10.2149/tmh.2015-16.

10. Islam S, Haque CE, Hossain S, Rochon K. Role of container type, behavioural, and ecological factors in Aedes pupal production in Dhaka, Bangladesh: an application of zero-inflated negative binomial model. Acta tropica. 2019;193:50-9. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.02.019.

11. Mahmud M, Mutalip H, Lodz NA, Shahar H. Study on key Aedes spp. breeding containers in dengue outbreak localities in Cheras district, Kuala Lumpur. International Journal of Mosquito Research. 2018;5.

12. Banyumas Health Office. Profil Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banyumas tahun 2018 2018. Available from: http://dinkes.banyumaskab.go.id/read/28410/profil-kesehatan-tahun-2018-kabupaten-banyumas#.X8YBEmgzY2w.

13. Wijayanti SPM, Sunaryo S, Suprihatin S, McFarlane M, Rainey SM, Dietrich I, et al. Dengue in Java, Indonesia: relevance of mosquito indices as risk predictors. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2016;10(3):e0004500. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004500.

14. Nasir S, Jabeen F, Abbas S, Nasir I, Debboun M. Effect of climatic conditions and water bodies on population dynamics of the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of arthropod-borne diseases. 2017;11(1):50-9.

15. Williamson D, Jeffrey Gutierrez E, Ernst KC, Carrière Y, Walker KR, Reyes-Castro PA, et al. Socioeconomic and human behavioral factors associated with Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) immature habitat in Tucson, AZ. Journal of Medical Entomology. 2018;55(4):955-63. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjy011.

16. Getachew D, Tekie H, Gebre-Michael T, Balkew M, Mesfin A. Breeding sites of Aedes aegypti: potential dengue vectors in Dire Dawa, East Ethiopia. Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases. 2015;2015:706276-. doi: 10.1155/2015/706276.

17. Abílio AP, Abudasse G, Kampango A, Candrinho B, Sitoi S, Luciano J, et al. Distribution and breeding sites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in 32 urban/peri-urban districts of Mozambique: implication for assessing the risk of arbovirus outbreaks. PLoS neglected tropical diseases. 2018;12(9):e0006692-e. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006692.

18. Cardo MV, Rosín P, Carbajo AE, Vezzani D. Artificial container mosquitoes and first record of Aedes aegypti in the islands of the Paraná Lower Delta, Argentina. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. 2015;18(4):727-33. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2015.09.002.

19. Gonzalez PV, Gonzalez Audino PA, Masuh HM. Oviposition Behavior in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in response to the presence of heterospecific and conspecific larvae. J Med Entomol. 2016;53(2):268-72. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjv189.

20. Wong J, Stoddard ST, Astete H, Morrison AC, Scott TW. Oviposition site selection by the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and its implications for dengue control. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2011;5(4):e1015. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001015.

21. Gunathilaka N, Ranathunge T, Udayanga L, Wijegunawardena A, Abeyewickreme W. Oviposition preferences of dengue vectors; Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Sri Lanka under laboratory settings. Bulletin of entomological research. 2018;108(4):442-50.DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317000955.

22. Abreu FVSd, Morais MM, Ribeiro SP, Eiras ÁE. Influence of breeding site availability on the oviposition behaviour of Aedes aegypti. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 2015;110:669-76.