Indigenous Perspective of Lymphatic Filariasis in Endemic Region Indonesia

Mara Ipa; Endang Puji Astuti; Bina Ikawati; Tri Wijayanti; Yulidar Yulidar; Nur Ramadhan; Made Agus Nurdjana; Nita Rahayu; Rais Yunarko; Agung Dwilaksono

doi:10.22435/blb.v16i1.2648

Mara Ipa Loka Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Pangandaran, Jalan Raya Pangandaran KM 3 Pangandaran, Jawa Barat, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4831-6536
Endang Puji Astuti Loka Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Pangandaran, Jalan Raya Pangandaran KM 3 Pangandaran, Jawa Barat, Indonesia
Bina Ikawati Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Banjarnegara, Jalan Selamanik No. 16 A Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
Tri Wijayanti Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Banjarnegara, Jalan Selamanik No. 16 A Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
Yulidar Yulidar Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Aceh, Jalan Sultan Iskandar Muda Lambaro Aceh, Indonesia
Nur Ramadhan Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Aceh, Jalan Sultan Iskandar Muda Lambaro Aceh, Indonesia
Made Agus Nurdjana Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Donggala, Jalan Masitudju No. 58, Labuan Panimba, Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah, Indonesia
Nita Rahayu Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Tanah Bumbu, Jalan Loka Litbang Kawasan Perkantoran Pemda Tanah Bumbu, Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesia
Rais Yunarko Loka Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Waikabubak,Kalembu Kuni, Waikabubak,Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia
Agung Dwilaksono Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Humaniora dan Manajemen Kesehatan, Percetakan Negara No 29 Jakarta Pusat, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22435/blb.v16i1.2648

Keywords: lymphatic filariasis, indigenous, perspective, tribe, Indonesia

Abstract

Lymphatic filariasis disease impacts the patients both socially and economically. Health seeking behavior was related to the variation of local perceived. This research is required to explore the wide variety of local perspectives as input into treatment program intervention strategies. The study was conducted in 12 districts in Indonesia, namely Pidie, North Aceh, Aceh Jaya, West Pasaman, South Pesisir, Subang, Tangerang, West Kota Waringin, North Hulu Sungai, Donggala, Bombana, and Asmat. Qualitative methods with the health belief model approach were used to assess the community’s knowledge about lymphatic filariasis disease and its treatments. This study used 24 informants consisting of 14 men and 10 women. Results showed there were 9 out of 12 regions that have a localized concept of lymphatic filariasis disease. Most informants believe that the disease occured as a result of the curse of the ancestor or the curse of visiting a certain place, or supernatural power. Most informants stated that seeking indigenous healers was carried out if the informant felt that self-treatment did not produce the result as expected. There was a tendency between knowledge and elimination efforts of lymphatic filariasis disease. Therefore, it is recommended to provide a better understanding of local knowledge about lymphatic filariasis

Author Biography

Mara Ipa, Loka Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Pangandaran, Jalan Raya Pangandaran KM 3 Pangandaran, Jawa Barat, Indonesia

https://scholar.google.com.co/citations?user=G7gI0ncAAAAJ&hl=en

References

1. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Permenkes RI No 94 Tahun 2014 tentang penanggulangan filariasis. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2015.

2. World Health Organization (WHO). Lymphatic filariasis : key facts [thesis]. 2020. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lymphatic-filariasis.

3. World Health Organization [Internet]. Global programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis [cited 19 May 2020]. Available from: https://www.who.int/lymphatic_filariasis/elimination-programme/en/.

4. Mathew CG, Bettis AA, Chu BK, et al. The health and economic burden of lymphatic filariasis prior to mass drug administration programmes. Clin Infect Dis. 2019. doi:ciz671. doi:10.1093/cid/ciz671.

5. Gedge LM, Bettis AA, Bradley MH, Hollingsworth TD, Turner HC. Economic evaluations of lymphatic filariasis interventions: a systematic review and research needs. Parasites and Vectors. 2018;11. doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2616-z.

6. Abdulmalik J, Nwefoh E, Obindo J, Dakwak S, Ayobola M, Umaru J, et al. Emotional difficulties and experiences of stigma among persons with lymphatic filariasis in Plateau State, Nigeria. Heal Hum Rights J. 2018;20(1): 27–40.

7. Direktorat Pencegahan dan Pengendalian penyakit tular vektor dan zoonotik. strategi percepatan dan penanggulangan filariasis dan kecacingan di Indonesia. [Meeting : Monitoring and Evaluation Filariasis Elimination Program]. [11-14 Februari 2020]. Jakarta.

8. Anorital et. al. Studi evaluasi eliminasi filariasis di Indonesia tahun 2017 (Studi Multisenter Filariasis). Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2017.

9. Gyapong M. Socio-cultural aspects of lymphatic filariasis and the role of communities in its control in Ghana [dissertation]. Universität Basel: Philosophisch- Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät; 2000.

10. Siddiqui TR, Ghazal S, Bibi S, Ahmed W, Sajjad SF. Use of the health belief model for the assessment of public knowledge and household preventive practices in Karachi, Pakistan, a dengue-endemic city. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0005129.

11. Huria T, Palmer S, Beckert L, Lacey C, Pitama S. Indigenous health: designing a clinical orientation program valued by learners. BMC Med Educ. 2017;17. doi:10.1186/s12909-017-1019-8.

12. Vawda NBM. How indigenous belief systems guide help-seeking behavior for psychosocial and medical problems: a South African perspective. Stud Ethno-Medicine. 2017;11:158–67.

13. Javadi M, Zarea K. Understanding thematic analysis and its pitfall. J Client Care. 2016;1:33–9.

14. Rawls A. The wartime narrative in US sociology, 1940–1947: stigmatizing qualitative sociology in the name of ‘science’. European J Soc Theory. 2018. doi: 10.1177/1368431018754499.

15. LaMorte WW. The health belief model. Amerika Serikat: Boston University School of Public Health; 2019. Available from: http://sphweb.bumc.bu.edu/otlt/MPH-Modules/SB/BehavioralChangeTheories/BehavioralChangeTheories2.html.

16. Widjanarko B, Saraswati LD, Ginandjar P. Perceived threat and benefit toward community compliance of filariasis’ mass drug administration in Pekalongan district, Indonesia. Risk Manag Health Policy. 2018;11:189–97.

17. Adhikari RK, Sherchand JB, Mishra SR, Ranabhat K, Pokharel A, Devkota P, et al. Health-seeking behaviors and self-care practices of people with filarial Lymphoedema in Nepal: a qualitative study. J Trop Med. 2015. doi:10.1155/2015/260359.

18. Ibrahim N. Ha’i Bou: perspektif lokal penyakit filariasis di Maukaro, Ende, Nusa Tenggara Timur. J Emik. 2019;2(1):56-70.

19. Gyapong M, Gyapong JO, Adjei S, Vlassoff C,
Weiss M. Filariasis in northern Ghana: some cultural beliefs and practices and their implications for disease control. Soc Sci Med. 1996;43:235–42.

20. Ojwang BO. Linguistic conceptualizations of disease among the Luo of Kenya. Qual Health Res. 2018;28:433–45.

21. Valeggia CR, Snodgrass JJ. Health of indigenous peoples. Annu Rev Anthropol. 2015;44:117–35.

22. Dewi SL. Policy for Regions with lower health quantity. Indones J Heal Policy. 2013;2:1–2.

23. Mubasyiroh R, Nurhotimah E, Laksono AD. Indeks aksesibilitas pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: PT Kanisius; 2016.

24. Titaley CR, Damayanti R, Soeharno N, Mu’Asyaroh A, Bradley M, Lynam T, et al. Assessing knowledge about lymphatic filariasis and the implementation of mass drug administration amongst drug deliverers in three districts/cities of Indonesia. Parasites and Vectors. 2018;11. doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2881-x.

25. Kouassi BL, Barry A, Heitz-Tokpa K, Krauth SJ, Goépogui A, Baldé MS, et al. Perceptions, knowledge, attitudes and practices for the prevention and control of lymphatic filariasis in Conakry, Republic of Guinea. Acta Trop. 2018;179:109–16.

26. Yimer M, Hailu T, Mulu W, Abera B. Epidemiology of elephantiasis with special emphasis on podoconiosis in ethiopia: A literature review. J Vector Borne Dis. 2015;52:111–5.

27. Hofstraat K, Van Brakel WH. Social stigma towards neglected tropical diseases: a systematic review. Int Health. 2015;8:i53–i70.

28. Stanton MC, Yamauchi M, Mkwanda SZ, Ndhlovu P, Matipula DE, Mackenzie C, et al. Measuring the physical and economic impact of filarial lymphoedema in Chikwawa district, Malawi: a case-control study. Infect Dis Poverty. 2017;6. doi:10.1186/s40249-017-0241-2.

29. Gyapong J, Gyapong M, Owusu-Banahene G, Wamae N N, SM MD. Community-directed treatment of lymphatic filariasis in Africa: report of a multi-centre study in Ghana and Kenya [thesis]. Ghana: WHO TDR; 2000.

30. Evans DB, Gelband H, Vlassoff C. Social and economic factors and the control of lymphatic filariasis: a review. Acta Trop. 1993;53:1–26.

31. Wynd S, Melrose WD, Durrheim DN, Carron J, Gyapong M. Understanding the community impact of lymphatic filariasis: a review of the sociocultural literature. Bull World Health Organ. 2007;85:493–8.

32. Koudou BG, de Souza DK, Biritwum N-K, Bougma R, Aboulaye M, Elhassan E, et al. Elimination of lymphatic filariasis in west African urban areas: is implementation of mass drug administration necessary? Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18:e214–e220.

33. Vanamail P, Gunasekaran S. Possible relationship among socio-economic determinants, knowledge and practices on lymphatic filariasis and implication for disease elimination in India. Int J Public Health. 2011;56:25-36.