Faktor Risiko Gagal Konversi BTA pada Pasien Tuberkulosis Paru Fase Intensif di Kota Yogyakarta
Risk Factors of Sputum Non-Conversion Among Intensive Phase Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Yogyakarta Distric
Abstract
Sputum smear conversion at the end of the intensive phase of tuberculosis treatment is positif of the patients response to treatment. This study aimed to determine factors associated to sputum smear non-conversion at the end of the intensive phase treatment. This cross sectional study was perform in Yogyakarta distric by collecting medical record in primary health care, from 2011-2016. Of 722 pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patient, 21,05 % patients were identified as non-converted of the intensive phase of treatment with the median age was 41 years and 58.5 % were male. The factors were associated with sputum smear non-conversion of insentive phase treatment : male, age ≥50, pre-treatment smears graded ≥2+, nonadherence to tuberculosis after 2 months treatment. Multivariate analysis indicated that Pre-treatment smears graded ≥2+and nonadherent to tuberculosis after 2 months treatment were a count highest contribution with sputum smear non-conversion. Patients with these factors non-conversion after two months of treatment should be given a fully supervised treatment to prevent in treatment default.
Abstrak
Konversi BTA pada akhir pengobatan fase intensif merupakan salah satu indiaktor respon pasien terhadap pengobatan TB. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kegagalan konversi BTA setelah pengobatan TB fase intensif. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional berdasarkan data rekam medis di puskesmas, Kota Yogyakarta tahun 2011-2016. Dari 722 pasien TB paru, sebanyak 21,05% adalah gagal konversi setelah pengobatan fase intensif dengan median umur adalah 41 tahun dan sebanyak 58,5% adalah laki-laki. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan gagal konversi setelah pengobatan fase intensif adalah jenis kelamin laki-laki, umur ≥50 tahun, gradasi BTA ≥2+, ketidakteraturan menelan obat. Analisa multivariable menunjukkan gradasi BTA sebelum pengobatan ≥ 2+ dan ketidakteraturan pengobatan sebagai faktor yang paling berkontribusi dengan gagal konversi. Pasien dengan gagal konversi setelah 2 bulan .
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