Endemisitas dan Pengetahuan Masyarakat Tentang Filariasis di Desa Tegaldowo, Pekalongan, Jawa Tengah

Putri Septyarini; Praba Ginandjar; Lintang Dian Saraswati; Bagoes Widjanarko

doi:10.22435/bpk.v48i2.2456

Putri Septyarini School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Praba Ginandjar Department of Epidemiology amd Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Lintang Dian Saraswati Department of Epidemiology amd Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
Bagoes Widjanarko Department of Epidemiology amd Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22435/bpk.v48i2.2456

Keywords: endemicity, filariasis

Abstract

Lymphatic filariasis is still a public health problem in Pekalongan District. Previous research revealed that there was ongoing filariasis transmission in Tegaldowo village. For that reason, there was a need for further research. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of filariasis and community knowledge regarding this disease. This research used a descriptive cross-sectional research design conducted in June-August 2017 in Tegaldowo Village, Pekalongan District. This study involved 100 participants. The sample was selected using simple random sampling. The prevalence of infection in this village was 7%. The results showed that 69.0% of the community did not know the cause of filariasis, did not know the type of mosquito that transmit microfilariae (52.0%) and did not know how to prevent filariasis infection (97%). It is recommended that health workers increase the knowledge of people in Tegaldowo village to succeed filariasis elimination program.

Keywords : endemicity, knowledge, filariasis, pekalongan

Abstrak

Filariasis limfatik masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian sebelumnya mengungkapkan bahwa terdapat transmisi filariasis di desa Tegaldowo. Untuk itu diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui prevalensi filariasis berserta pengetahuan masyarakat terkait penyakit ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional deskriptif yang dilakukan pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2017 di Desa Tegaldowo, Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian ini melibatkan 100 peserta. Sampel dipilih menggunakan simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa 7% responden positif mikrofilaria dalam sampel darah mereka. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan 69,0% dari masyarakat tidak tahu penyebab filariasis (69,0%), tidak tahu jenis nyamuk yang menularkan mikrofilaria (52,0%), dan tidak tahu bagaimana mencegah penyakit filariasis (97%). Disarankan bagi petugas kesehatan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat di Desa Tegaldowo untuk mensukseskan program eliminasi filariasis.

Kata kunci: endemisitas, pengetahuan, filariasis, pekalongan

References

World Health Organization. Lymphatic Filariasis [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2018 Aug 27]. Available from: http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lymphaticfilariasis

World Health Organization. Lymphatic Filariasis. Geneva: WHO Press; 2013

World Health Organization. WHO | Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis. Geneva : WHO; 2016.

Ottesen EA, Hooper PJ, Bradley M, Biswas G. The global programme to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: Health impact after 8 years. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008;

Langhammer J, Birk HW, Zahner H. Renal disease in lymphatic filariasis: Evidence for tubular and glomerular disorders at various stages of the infection. Trop Med Int Heal. 1997;

Gyapong JO, Gyapong M, Evans DB, Aikins MK, Adjei S. The economic burden of lymphatic filariasis in northern Ghana. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1996;

Subdirectorate of Filariasis and Schistosomiasis, Directorate of Vector Borne Disease Control M of H. National Plan Acceleration Program of Filariasis Elimination in Indonesia 2010-2014. 2010.

Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah 2015. Semarang : Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Tengah; 2016.

Ginandjar P, Saraswati LD, Suparyanto D, Sakundarno M, Supali T. The prevalence of lymphatic filariasis in elementary school children living in endemic areas: A baseline survey prior to mass drug administration in pekalongan district-indonesia. Iran J Public Health. 2018;47(10):1484–92.

Abd Elaziz KM, El-Setouhy M, Bradley MH, Ramzy RMR, Weil GJ. Knowledge and practice related to compliance with mass drug administration during the Egyptian national filariasis elimination program. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2013;89(2):260–4.

Mathieu E, Lammie PJ, Radday J, Beach MJ, Streit T, Wendt J, et al. Factors associated with participation in a campaign of mass treatment against lymphatic filariasis, in Leogane, Haiti. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2004.

Ikawati B. Study of Society ’ s Knowledge , Attitude andPractic ( KAP ) about Lymphatic Filariasis in Pabean Village , Pekalongan Utara Sub District , Pekalongan City. Ekol Kesehat. 2010;9:1324–32.

Yanuarni C. Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Filariasis Di Puskesmas Tirto I Kabupaten Pekalongan. Fikkes J Keperawatan. 2015;8(1):73–86.

Ginandjar P, Saraswati LD, Widjanarko B, Hadisaputro S. Community behavior towards filariasis mass drug administration in Tegaldowo village, Pekalongan distsrict, Indonesia. Indian J Public Heal Res Dev. 2019;10(3):988–92.

Mwakitalu ME, Malecela MN, Pedersen EM, Mosha FW, Simonsen PE. Urban lymphatic filariasis in the metropolis of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Parasit Vectors. 2013;

Agbo OE, Ochanya OJ. Clinical epidemiology of lymphatic filariasis and community practices and perceptions amongst the Ado people of Benue State, Nigeria. African J Infect Dis. 2011; of Filariasis and

Amaechi EC, Ohaeri CC, Ukpai OM, Nwachukwu PC, Ukoha UK. Lymphatic filariasis: knowledge, attitude and practices among inhabitants of an irrigation project community, North Central Nigeria. Asian Pacific J Trop Dis [Internet]. 2016;6(9):709– 13. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2222-1808(16)61114-3

Ghosh S, Samanta A, Kole S. Mass drug administration for elimination of lymphatic filariasis: Recent experiences from a district of West Bengal, India. Trop Parasitol. 2013;

Al-Abd NM, Nor ZM, Ahmed A, Al-Adhroey AH, Mansor M, Kassim M. Lymphatic filariasis in Peninsular Malaysia: a crosssectional survey of the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of residents. Parasit Vectors. 2014;

Dorle AS, Mannapur B, Hiremath LD, Ghattargi CH, Umesh R, Manjula R, et al. The knowledge and perception about lymphatic filariasis in one of the endemic talukas of rural North Karnataka. J Clin Diagnostic Res. 2011;5(1):101–3.

Mukhopadhyay AK, Patnaik SK, Satya Babu P, Rao KNMB. Knowledge on lymphatic filariasis and mass drug administration (MDA) programme in filaria endemic districts of Andhra Pradesh, India. J Vector Borne Dis. 2008;

Conner M. Health Behaviors. Int Encycl Soc Behav Sci Second Ed. 2015;(December):582–7.

Braakmann N. The causal relationship between education, health and health related behaviour: Evidence from a natural experiment in England. J Health Econ. 2011;

Smith GD, Brunner E. Socio-economic differentials in health: The role of nutrition. Proc Nutr Soc. 1997;

Halleröd B, Gustafsson JE. A longitudinal analysis of the relationship between changes in socio-economic status and changes in health. Soc Sci Med. 2011;