Tinjauan Literatur: Uji In Vivo pada Antiviral Terpilih COVID-19
Abstract
The novel corona virus, Severe Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused COVID-19 established by World Health Organization as global pandemic because it has spread globally and high mortality as above 8%. It needs an action to reduce the mortality rate and morbidity rate of COVID-19. There was no specific antiviral for COVID-19. We used antiviral based on our last experience against another infectious corona virus, MERS and SARS. Antiviral need safety and efficacy test. Antiviral test is start from in vitro, in vivo and clinical testing. Selecting antiviral for COVID-19 should pass through in vivo testing. The purpose of this review is to study which antiviral has passed the in vivo testing. Methods. A method of writing literature review from Google scholar and PubMed, with using keywords : antiviral, animal model and COVID-19. Results. Based on literature review, specific antiviral for COVID-19 has conducted on in vivo testing based on MERS and SARS experience, not for SARS-CoV-2 yet. The antivirals are Remdesivir, Lopinavir, Favipiravir dan Klorokuin
Keywords: antiviral, animal model, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
Abstrak
Virus novel korona yaitu Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Adalah penyebab COVID-19 yang telah ditetapkan oleh WHO sebagai pandemi global karena telah menyebar mendunia dan menyebabkan kematian cukup tinggi di atas 8%. Tindakan pengendalian yang efektif dibutuhkan untuk menekan angka kematian, salah satunya adalah pemberian antiviral. Hingga saat ini belum ada antiviral khusus untuk COVID-19. Antiviral yang digunakan berdasarkan pengalaman terhadap infeksi korona sebelumnya. Pemilihan antiviral yang efektif dan aman sangat diperlukan. Tahapan uji antivial seyogyanya dimulai dari uji in vitro, in vivo dan klinis. Antiviral yang dipilih untuk penderita COVID-19 sebaiknya sudah melalui tahapan in vivo, yaitu di hewan coba. Tulisan penulisan ini untuk mengkaji antiviral untuk COVID-19 yang telah melewati tahapan uji praklinis di hewan coba Metode. Metode tulisan ini berupa kajian dari literatur-literatur yang ada di Google scholar dan Pubmed, dengan pencarian menggunakan kata kunci antiviral, COVID-19 dan hewan model Hasil. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelusuran literatur, didapatkan data bahwa antiviral spesifik yang digunakan untuk penderita COVID-19 yang telah melalui tahapan di hewan model adalah Remdesivir, Lopinavir, Favipiravir dan Klorokuin, namun antiviral tersebut baru diuji terhadap MERS dan SARS, belum terhadap virus SARS-CoV-2.
Kata kunci: antiviral, COVID-19, hewan model, SARS-CoV-2
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