Kepadatan dan Tingkat Infeksi Serkaria Schistosoma japonicum pada Keong Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis dengan Kasus Schistosomiasis di Daerah Endemis Schistosomiasis, Sulawesi Tengah
Abstract
Abstract
Schistosomiasis in Indonesia only found in Napu and Bada Highlands, Poso district and Lindu Highlands in Sigi district, Central Sulawesi Province. Schistosomiasis in Indonesia caused by Schistosoma japonicum and Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis is the intermediate snail host. The mapping of snail foci areas in 2017 showed that there was a significant change in the spread of the snail's foci. This paper aimed to describe the density and infection rate of S. japonicum cercariae in the snail host in the endemic areas of schistosomiasis in Central Sulawesi Province. The mean O.hupensis lindoensis snail density in Napu ranged from 0.9 to 6.6/m2, with mean rates of cercariae infections ranging from 0.4% to 21.4%. The snail density average in Lindu ranging from 3/m2 to 69,1/m2, with 4.4%-72.9% of cercariae infections. In bada the snail density ranged from 0.1 to 4.9/m2, with mean rates of cercariae infections ranging from 0% to 14.9%. Bivariate analysis showed there was no correlation between snail density and cercariae infection rate with schistosomiasis case (p value> 0.05).
Keywords : Schistosomiasis, density, infection rate, Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis, Central Sulawesi
Abstrak
Schistosomiasis di Indonesia hanya ditemukan di Propinsi Sulawesi Tengah, yaitu Dataran Tinggi Napu dan Dataran Tinggi Bada, Kabupaten Poso serta Dataran Tinggi Lindu, Kabupaten Sigi. Schistosomiasis di Indonesia disebabkan oleh Schistosoma japonicum dengan hospes perantara keong Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis. Pemetaan daerah fokus pada tahun 2017 menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perubahan yang signifikan dalam penyebaran fokus keong. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kepadatan dan infection rate serkaria S.japonicum pada keong perantara schistosomiasis di wilayah endemis schistosomiasis di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Rerata kepadatan keong O.hupensis lindoensis di Napu berkisar dari 0,9 – 6,6/m2, dengan rerata tingkat infeksi serkaria berkisar antara 0,4% sampai 21,4%, di Lindu kepadatan keong berkisar antara 3/m2 sampai 69,1/m2, dengan tingkat infeksi serkaria 4,4%¬72,9%, dan di Bada kepadatan keong berkisar antara 0,1 – 4,9/m2, dengan rerata tingkat infeksi serkaria berkisar antara 0 % sampai 14,9%. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan tidak ada korelasi antara kepadatan keong dan tingkat infeksi serkaria dengan jumlah kasus schistosomiasis nilai p value > 0.05.
Kata kunci: Schistosomiasis, kepadatan, tingkat infeksi, Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis, Sulawesi Tengah
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