Implementasi Selfcare Activity Penderita Diabetes Mellitus di Wilayah Puskesmas Bangetayu Semarang
Abstract
Self-care activity (SCA) is an important activity which is practised by people with diabetes mellitus to
prevent complications of their diseases. SCA must be done every day including diet settings, physical
exercise, monitoring blood sugar, regular treatment, and prevention of complications. However, DM
sufferers in rural areas have not performed the SCA optimally. The purpose of this study was to describe
the implementation of self-care activity for DM patients in rural areas involving 112 DM sufferers using a
descriptive methods. Self-care activity was measured using the Summary of Diabetes SelfCare Activities
(SDSCA) instrument. Data analysis used frequency distribution. The result showed that most of the
respondents had good self-care abilities (62.5%). More than half of the respondents were able to arrange
the right diet (64.3%), able to control blood glucose levels (77.7%), and able to prevent complications
(71.4%). However, the ability to manage physical activity (sports) was only 43.8% and took medication
was laso ony 20.5%.. The study suggested that health workers need to involve the family of DM sufferers
to carry out sports assistance as well as regular treatment as to achive better SCA.
Key words: selfcare activity, diabetes mellitus, rural Area
Abstrak
Selfcare activity (SCA) merupakan aktivitas perawatan diri yang penting dilakukan oleh penderita diabetes
mellitus (DM) untuk mencegah komplikasi. Selfcare activity dilakukan setiap hari meliputi pengaturan
diet, latihan jasmani, pemantauan gula darah, pengobatan, dan pencegahan komplikasi. Namun penderita
DM di wilayah perdesaan masih belum optimal melakukan SCA dan faktor penyebabnya antara lain
tidak paham terhadap perawatan DM karena kurangnya interaksi dengan tenaga kesehatan, rendahnya
keyakinan dan sikap karena kurangnya dukungan dari keluarga. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui
bagaimana implementasi self care activity penderita DM di wilayah Puskesmas Bangetayu Semarang secara
deskriptif dengan total sampel sebanyak 112 orang penderita DM. Self care activity diukur menggunakan
instrumen Summary of Diabetes SelfCare Activities (SDSCA), analisis data menggunakan uji distribusi
frekuensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden sudah memiliki kemampuan
self care baik (62,5%), mampu melakukan pengaturan diit yang tepat (64,3%), mampu mengontrol kadar
glukosa darah (77,7%) dan mampu melakukan pencegahan komplikasi (71,4%). Namun pada komponen
pengaturan aktivitas fisik (olah raga) hanya 43,8% dan perilaku pengobatan hanya 20,5%. Penelitian ini
menyarankan agar petugas kesehatan melibatkan peran keluarga untuk melakukan pendampingan olah
raga dan pengobatan rutin.
Kata kunci : Selfcare Activity, Diabetes Mellitus, perdesaan
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