Pengetahuan Ibu mengenai BBLR dan cara Menghangatkan Bayi BBLR dengan Perawatan Metode Konvensional, Skin To Skin, dan Tradisional di Kota Bogor
Abstract
Kematian neonatal dapat disebabkan oleh hipotermia. Bayi BBLR lebih rentan terhadap masalah hipotermia. Tujuan analisis ini adalah memberikan informasi mengenai pengetahuan ibu terkait BBLR dan cara menghangatkan anak BBLR yang dilakukan ibu untuk mencegah hipotermia dan membantu mencapai pertumbuhan normal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif bagian dari penelitian kohor tumbuh kembang anak (TKA) tahun 2017 di Kota Bogor. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam terhadap 12 informan ibu yang memiliki anak dengan riwayat BBLR yang pada saat ini berusia baduta dan telah memiliki status gizi normal berdasarkan indikator BB/U dan BB/TB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar ibu mengetahui cut of point BBLR dan menganggap ukuran anak lebih kecil dibandingkan anak kandung lainnya ataupun anak lain yang sebaya. Untuk mencegah terjadinya hipotermia, terdapat beberapa perawatan yang dilakukan informan baik yang dilakukan di rumah sakit dengan menggunakan perawatan metode konvensional, perawatan metode skin to skin (perawatan metode kangguru dan IMD) dan perawatan metode tradisional. Perlu dilakukan peningkatan pengetahuan ibu mengenai metode menghangatkan suhu tubuh anak BBLR melalui sosialisasi oleh petugas kesehatan, agar ibu dapat melakukan perawatan dan pencegahan hipotermia pada anak yang baru dilahirkan secara mandiri.
ABSTRACT
Neonatal death can be caused by hypothermia. Premature and LBW babies are more susceptible to hypothermia problems. This analysis aims to provide information about the mothers’ knowledge related to LBW and hypothermia prevention on LBW babies in oreder to achieve normal growth. This is a qualitative research part of cohort studies of child development in 2017 in Bogor City. The study was conducted by in-depth interviews to 12 mothers of low birth weight babies and had achieved normal nutritional status at 2 years old (WAZ and HAZ). The results show that most mothers know the cut of point of LBW and assume their child's birth size was smaller than other children. In order to prevent the occurrence of hypothermia, some treatments was done by mothers either through a conventional method (incubator in hospital), skin to skin method (kangaroo method and early breastfeeding initiation), or traditional methods. Increasing knowledge of mother about methods to prevent hypothermia in low birth weight babies through socialization by health officer is important so that mother can do the care independently.
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