Correlation of overweight and academic achievement at grade 1-3 pupil at school of highscope Indonesia 2018
Abstract
Latar belakang: Berdasarkan data WHO pada tahun 2011 menunjukkan 1 dari 10 anak di dunia mengalami obesitas (WHO, 2011). Data status gizi pada anak usia 5-12 tahun di DKI Jakarta menunjukkan underweight 14,0% dan overweight 6,8%. Data secara spesifik untuk wilayah Jakarta Selatan adalah underweight 7,4% dan overweight 7,3%. Permasalahan gizi merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang berpengaruh terhadap prestasi akademik siswa. Tujuan dari penelitian: mengetahui pengaruh status gizi terhadap prestasi akademik siswa kelas 1-3 sekolah dasar.
Metode: desain yang digunakan adalah cohort restrospective dengan melihat hubungan antara hasil School Wide Assessment (SWA) dengan status gizi anak pada 9 bulan sebelumnya. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 1-3 sekolah dasar di Sekolah HighScope Indonesia dengan total sampling yaitu berjumlah 480 anak.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara variabel status gizi terhadap prestasi akademik 6:29 RR (95% CI 3,82-10,35). Dalam analisis regresi cox menunjukkan status gizi yang baik memiliki RR pada 3,17 (95% CI 2,404 hingga 4,204) dan signifikan pada nilai p-value 0,000. Artinya, siswa yang memiliki kelebihan berat badan memiliki risiko kinerja akademik yang buruk. Sedangkan variabel lainnya menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan risiko memiliki kinerja akademik yang buruk. Pada model akhir analisis regresi cox pada variabel status gizi pada prestasi juga menunjukkan nilai RR sebesar 3,09 (95% CI 2,365 hingga 4,053) p-value 0,000.
Kesimpulan: Anak-anak dengan kelebihan berat badan berisiko untuk memiliki prestasi akademik yang buruk sebesar 6.3 kali.
Kata kunci: Status gizi, prestasi belajar, faktor risiko, cohort retrospective
Abstract
Background: Based on WHO data in 2011, 1 in 10 children in the world are obese (WHO, 2011). Nutritional status data in children aged 5-12 years in DKI Jakarta shows 14.0% underweight and overweight 6.8%. Data specifically for the South Jakarta region is 7.4% underweight and 7.3% overweight. Nutritional problems are one of the important factors that influence student academic achievement. The purpose of the study: to determine the effect of nutritional status on academic achievement of students in grades 1-3 in elementary school.
Methods: the design used was a retrospective cohort by looking at the relationship between the School Wide Assessment (SWA) score and the nutritional status of children in the previous 9 months. The population in this study were students in grades 1-3 at HighScope Indonesia School with a total sampling of 480 children.
Results: The results of this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between variables of nutritional status on academic achievement 6:29 RR (95% CI 3.82-10.35). In the cox regression analysis showed good nutritional status had RR at 3.17 (95% CI 2.404 to 4.204) and was significant at p-value 0.000. While other variables indicate that there is no significant relationship with the risk of having poor academic performance. In the final model cox regression analysis on variable nutritional status on achievement also showed RR values of 3.09 (95% CI 2.365 to 4,053) p-value 0,000.
Conclusion: Children who are overweight are at risk for having bad academic achievement of 6.3 times.
Keywords: Nutritional status, academic achievement, risk factors, retrospective cohort
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