Prevalensi Hasil Pemeriksaan Kimia Klinis Lipid Dan Glukosa pada Masyarakat Indonesia serta Nilai Rentangan & Rerata pada Penduduk “Sehat”

Abstract

Abstract
The incidence of cardiovascular disease, including coronary heart and stroke, and diabetes are increasing significantly and becoming the principal causes of death in Indonesia. In Indonesia, The Basic Health Research Survey (Riskesdas), the most recent in a series was in 2013, was conducted every 5 years to get the evidence based health status and provide a broad picture of a population’s overall health, including a complete blood test result. So far, there appear to have been no national references in determining the prevalence of dyslipidemia and diabetes from 2013 Riskesdas specimens.  Consequently the normal reference range of healthy population from other countries was used for interpret the results. The survey was conducted in all states and territories and across urban, rural, and remote areas of Indonesia in 2013 and included around 35,608 people aged ≥ 15 years. The clinical chemistry testing on blood serum samples was performed in the laboratory of National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD). The data analysis revealed that the rate of diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes mellitus, as well as dyslipidemia, in Indonesia populations were quite high. However, the normal value of laboratory examination from Indonesian populations in this current survey was slightly different from international reference value. These findings were hoped to be beneficial for program planning in the prevention of diabetes, pre-diabetes, dyslipidemia. In addition, the normal range value of healthy Indonesian adult’s population could be a basis for clinical chemistry laboratory adjustment standardization value in Indonesia.

Keywords: prevalence, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, normal value

Abstrak

Di Indonesia, penyakit kardiovaskular (jantung koroner dan stroke) dan diabetes mellitus saat sekarang meningkat drastis sebagai penyebab kematian. Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2013 adalah riset berbasis masyarakat yang dilaksanakan secara rutin dalam 5 tahun sekali di seluruh Indonesia untuk mendapatkan gambaran evidence based kesehatan dasar masyarakat termasuk gambaran hasil pemeriksaan darah.  Dalam menentukan prevalensi dislipidemia dan diabetes dari hasil pemeriksaan kimia klinis spesimen Riskesdas 2013, merujuk pada nilai normal dari negara lain karena rentangan nilai normal kimia klinis penduduk Indonesia “sehat”” belum ada.   Data yang diolah dalam studi ini  adalah data hasil pemeriksaan kimia klinis dari serum penduduk usia 15 tahun ke atas sejumlah 35.608 orang (Riskesdas 2013) yang diperiksa di Laboratorium  Badan Litbangkes.  Hasil menunjukan bahwa prevalensi DM dan pre DM cukup tinggi di Indonesia, demikian juga prevalensi dislipidemia.  Sementara nilai normal real hasil pemeriksaan kimia klinis orang Indonesia yang didapat pada survei nasional saat ini sedikit berbeda dengan nilai rujukan internasional. Diharapkan hasil ini dapat menjadi masukan untuk program dalam merencanakan penanggulangan diabetes, prediabetes, dislipidemia yang berdasarkan rentangan nilai normal masyarakat Indonesia dewasa “Sehat” serta dapat menjadi dasar untuk membuat standarisasi penyesuaian nilai laboratorium kimia klinis di Indonesia.

Kata kunci: prevalensi, DM, dislipidemia, nilai normal