HUBUNGAN KEGEMUKAN, KONSUMSI SAYUR DAN BUAH DENGAN KEJADIAN TOLERANSI GULA TERGANGGU (TGT) DI INDONESIA

Bunga Ch Rosha; Dwi Sisca Kumalaputri; Indri Yunita Suryaputri

doi:10.22435/jek.18.1.1602.27-36

Bunga Ch Rosha
Dwi Sisca Kumalaputri
Indri Yunita Suryaputri

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22435/jek.18.1.1602.27-36

Keywords: IGT, obesity, fruit and vegetable consumption, Riskesdas, TGT, kegemukan, kegemukan, konsumsi buah dan sayur

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The incidence of diabetes has been increasing gradually each year. According to WHO, diabetes is the leading cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attack, and stroke. Prevention strategies are needed, especially for people with Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT), as IGT is an intermediate stage in the natural course of type 2 diabetes and a predictor of type 2 diabetes. This paper is a secondary-data analysis of 2013 Basic Health Research aiming to identify IGT predictors. Samples were the respondents aged 15 years and over, with a total of 38,149. Analysis was carried out using logistic regression with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results showed that factors associated with IGT were age (OR (95% CI): 1.51 (1.43-1.59)), gender (OR (95% CI): 1.54 (1.46- 1.62)), education ((OR (95% CI): 1.18 (1.10-1.26), overweight (OR (95% CI): 1.24 (1.17-1.31) ) and fruit and vegetable consumption (OR (95% CI): 0.89 (0.80-0.99)). To conclude, obesity is a risk factor of IGT prevalence, while consumption of fruits and vegetables less than 4 portions per day was protective against IGT. There is a need of IGT prevention strategy, such as regular blood sugar checks, weight control and increased physical activity (exercise) and consume fruits and vegetables that are low in glucose and fluctose.

Keywords: IGT, obesity, fruit and vegetable consumption, Riskesdas

ABSTRAK

Kejadian diabetes dari tahun ketahun semakin meningkat. Menurut WHO, diabetes merupakan penyebab utama kebutaan, gagal ginjal, serangan jantung, dan stroke. Perlu upaya pencegahan terutama pada orang dengan Toleransi Glukosa Terganggu (TGT), karena TGT merupakan tahap pertengahan di dalam perjalanan alamiah DM tipe 2 dan faktor prediktor terhadap terjadinya DM tipe 2. Artikel ini adalah analisis lanjut Riskesdas 2013, yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor prediktor TGT. Sampel adalah responden dengan umur 15 tahun ke atas berjumlah 38.149. Analisis dilakukan dengan regresi logistik dengan odds ratio dan 95 % confidence Interval. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berhubungan dengan TGT ialah umur (OR (95% CI): 1,51 (1,43-1,59)), jenis kelamin (OR (95% CI): 1,54 (1,46-1,62)), pendidikan ((OR (95% CI): 1,18 (1,10-1,26), kegemukan (OR (95% CI): 1,24 (1,17-1,31)) dan konsumsi buah dan sayur (OR (95% CI): 0,89 (0,80-0,99)). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegemukan berisiko terhadap kejadian TGT dan konsumsi buah dan sayur < 4 porsi perhari protektif terhadap kejadian TGT. Perlu adanya upaya pencegahan TGT, seperti pemeriksaan gula darah secara berkala, mengontrol berat badan meningkatkan aktifitas fisik (olahraga), serta mengkonsumsi jenis buah dan sayur yang rendah glukosa dan fluktosa.

Kata kunci: TGT, kegemukan, konsumsi buah dan sayur, Riskesdas

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