PERILAKU FOOD TABOO PADA IBU HAMIL DAN FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHINYA DI PUSKESMAS PAMARAYAN KABUPATEN SERANG, BANTEN
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Food taboo is a hereditary dietary taboo that is not necessarily true. The health problem that can occur due to the food taboo is the lack of nutrient intake for pregnant women. The prevalence of food taboo behavior at Pamarayan Health Center, Serang District, Banten in 2019 was 66%. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between food knowledge, education level, socio-cultural environment and history of health problems with food taboo behavior among pregnant women at Pamarayan Health Center. This study used a cross sectional study design by conducting interviews. The sample of this research was 136 pregnant women. Data was collected offline by implementing health protocols. Statistical test using the chi-square test. The results of the study show that pregnant women who behave in food taboo (64%), lack of food knowledge (72.8%), low education level (66.9%), good socio-cultural environment (59.6%) and a history of health problems (72.8%). Factors that have a relationship with food taboo behavior is food knowledge (OR=2,840), education level (OR=2,614), socio-cultural environment (OR=3,402) and a history of health problems (OR=2,428). The conclusiont is that there is a relationship between food taboo behavior with food knowledge, education level, socio-cultural environment and a history of health problems at Pamarayan Health Center. Suggestions for conducting counseling about the food taboo by involving local community leaders.
Keywords: Food Taboo, Pregnant, Women
ABSTRAK
Food taboo merupakan suatu pantangan makanan terutama pada ibu hamil, secara turun temurun dan belum tentu kebenarannya, sehingga menyebabkan kurangnya asupan zat gizi. Prevalensi perilaku food taboo di Puskesmas Pamarayan, Kabupaten Serang, Banten tahun 2019 yaitu 66%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan makanan, tingkat pendidikan, lingkungan sosial budaya dan riwayat gangguan kesehatan dengan perilaku food taboo pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Pamarayan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional dengan melakukan wawancara. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu 136 ibu hamil. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara offline dengan menerapkan protokol kesehatan. Uji statistik menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan, ibu hamil yang berperilaku food taboo (64%), pengetahuan makanan kurang (72,8%), tingkat pendidikan rendah (66,9%), lingkungan sosial budaya baik (59,6%) dan riwayat gangguan kesehatan (72,8%). Faktor yang memiliki hubungan dengan perilaku food taboo ialah pengetahuan makanan (OR=2,840), tingkat pendidikan (OR=2,614), lingkungan sosial budaya (OR=3,402), dan riwayat gangguan kesehatan (OR=2,428). Kesimpulan ada hubungan antara perilaku food taboo dengan pengetahuan makanan, tingkat pendidikan, lingkungan sosial budaya dan riwayat gangguan kesehatan di Puskesmas Pamarayan. Saran melakukan penyuluhan mengenai food taboo dengan melibatkan tokoh masyarakat sekitar.
Kata kunci: Tabu Makanan, Ibu Hamil
References
Chahyanto, bibi ahmad. (2018). Aspek Gizi dan Makna Simbolis Tabu Makanan Ibu Hamil di Indonesia. Jurnal Ekologi Kesehatan. https://doi.org/10.22435/jek.17.1.140.52-63
Ernawati, F., Rosmalina, Y., & Permanasari, Y. (2013). Pengaruh Asupan Protein Ibu Hamil Dan Panjang Badan Bayi Lahir Terhadap Kejadian Stunting Pada Anak Usia 12 Bulan Di Kabupaten Bogor. Jurnal Penelitian Gizi Dan Makanan, 36(1), 1–11. http://ejournal.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/pgm/article/view/3388
Gea, A. A. (2011). Enculturation Pengaruh Lingkungan Sosial terhadap Pembentukan Perilaku Budaya Individu. Journal Humaniora, 2(1), 139. https://doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v2i1.2966
Humaeni, A. (2016). Tabu Perempuan Dalam Budaya Masyarakat Banten. Jurnal Humaniora, 27(2), 174. https://doi.org/10.22146/jh.v27i2.10585
Kavle, J. A., & Landry, M. (2017). Addressing barriers to maternal nutrition in low- and middle-income countries: A review of the evidence and programme implications. Maternal and Child Nutrition Journal. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.12508
Klein, S., Suellen, M., & Thomson, F. (2010). Riwayat Kesehatan Ibu Hamil.
McNamara, K., & Wood, E. (2019). Food taboos, health beliefs, and gender: understanding household food choice and nutrition in rural Tajikistan. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition, 38(1), 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-019-0170-8
Muhamad, Z., Hamalding, H., & Ahmad, H. (2017). Analisis Kebiasaan Makan Pada Ibu Hamil Kekurangan Energi Kronik Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pulubala Kabupaten Gorontalo. Jurnal Edu Health, 1, 48–57. https://doi.org/10.36090/jkkm.v1i1.389
Mustika, M., & Deapati, A. A. (2019). Hubungan Kebiasaan Mengkonsumsi Teh (Camellia sinensis) dengan Gejala Anemia Defisiensi Besi pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Malimongan Baru. UMI Medical Journal, 2(1), 26–37. https://doi.org/10.33096/umj.v2i1.14
Purwaningrum, S. W., Rini, T. S., & Saurina, N. (2018). Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan , Sikap dengan Perilaku Warga dalam Pemenuhan Komponen Rumah Sehat. Kes Mas: Jurnal Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, 12(1), 53–59. https://doi.org/10.12928/kesmas.v12i1.7306
Roudsari, A. H., Vedadhir, A., Amiri, P., Kalantari, N., Omidvar, N., Eini-Zinab, H., & Sadati, S. M. H. (2017). Psycho-socio-cultural determinants of food choice: A qualitative study on adults in social and cultural context of Iran. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 12(4), 238–247. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5816913/pdf/IJPS-12-241.pdf
Sholihah, L. A., Ayu, R., & Sartika, D. (2014). Makanan Tabu pada Ibu Hamil Suku Tengger. In Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional (Vol. 8, Issue 7). https://journal.fkm.ui.ac.id/kesmas/article/view/372/371
Sitoayu, L. (2018). Pemanfaatan Bahan Makanan Sederhana Menjadi Gizi Seimbang. Jurnal Abdimas, 4(2), 230–234. https://www.esaunggul.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/9.-Pemanfaatan-Bahan-Makanan-Sederhana-Menjadi-Gizi-Seimbang.pdf
Tahir, H. M. H., Ahmed, D. A. E. E. M., & Dr. Nasir Ahmed Ali Mohammed. (2018). Food Taboos among Pregnant Women in Health Centers, Khartoum State Sudan. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research, 3(1), 13–25. http://khartoumspace.uofk.edu/bitstream/handle/123456789/26742/hadeel.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Vasilevski, V., Alban, S., Box, P. O., Carolan-olah, M., & Affiliation, M. (2016). Food taboos and nutrition-related pregnancy concerns among Ethiopian women. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 25(19), 3069–3075. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13319
Vera-Toscano, E., Rodrigues, M., & Costa, P. (2017). Beyond educational attainment: The importance of skills and lifelong learning for social outcomes. Evidence for Europe from PIAAC. European Journal of Education, 52(2), 217–231. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12211
Waas, A. G. (2018). Food Taboo For Pregnant Women In Kaliwungu Sub District Of Semarang A Thesis On Food Taboo For Pregnant Women In Kaliwungu.
Zerfu, T. A., Umeta, M., & Baye, K. (2016). Dietary habits, food taboos, and perceptions towards weight gain during pregnancy in Arsi, rural central Ethiopia: a qualitative cross-sectional study. Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition, 35(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41043-016-0059-8
Zuraidah, Z. (2018). Faktor – Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Status Gizi Ibu Hamil Di Puskesmas Sidorejo Kota Lubuklinggau. Jurnal Media Kesehatan, 9(1), 56–62. https://doi.org/10.33088/jmk.v9i1.292
