FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU SEKSUAL SISWA SMP DI JAKARTA BARAT
Abstract
AbstractBackground: Inappropriate sexual behavior with negative attitudes and low knowledge can reduce the quality of life of adolescents. Risky sexual behavior increases the spread of sexually transmitted diseases and abortion.
Objectives: To determine factors that influence sexual behavior of junior high school students in West Jakarta.
Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional study in 541 junior high school students in West Jakarta. The study sample was junior high school students in West Jakarta who attend school from June to September 2019. The research instrument used was characteristic questionnaire, sexual knowledge questionnaire, sexual attitude questionnaire, sexual behavior questionnaire, Rosernberg Self-Esteem Scale questionnaire, and child care pattern questionnaire directly filled in by respondents. Data analysis performed was univariate, bivariate, and multivariate. The dependent variable of research is sexual behavior.
Results: There were 48% of respondents with risky sexual behavior and 2% with unsafe risky sexual behavior, 79% of respondents have low sexual knowledge and 46% of respondents have negative sexual attitudes. There were 35% of respondents with low self-image and 26% with exposure parenting and 12% permissive parenting. Bivariate analysis showed that there was significant relationship between sexual behaviour and age, gender, class level, sexual knowledge, and sexual attitudes (p <0.05). Multivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between age, sex, class level, sexual knowledge, sexual attitudes and sexual behaviour (p <0.05). The dominant factor influencing sexual behavior was class level.
Conclusion: Low knowledge, negative sexual attitudes, low self-image and exposure care patterns increase the risk of risky sexual behavior. Factors of sexual knowledge, sexual attitudes, age, sex, and class level can help to prevent risky sexual behaviour among junior high school adolescents.
Keywords: Sexual knowledge, Sexual attitude, Sexual behavior, Self-image, Parenting.
Abstrak
Latar Belakang: Perilaku seksual yang tidak tepat dengan sikap negatif dan pengetahuan yang rendah dapat menurunkan kualitas hidup remaja. Perilaku seksual yang berisiko mengakibatkan peningkatkan penyebaran penyakit menular seksual dan aborsi.
Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku seksual siswa SMP di Jakarta Barat.
Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang pada 541 siswa SMP di Jakarta Barat. Sampel penelitian adalah siswa SMP Jakarta Barat yang bersekolah pada bulan Juni-September 2019. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan merupakan kuesioner karakteristik, kuesioner pengetahuan seksual, kuesioner sikap seksual, kuesioner perilaku seksual, kuesioner Rosernberg Self-Esteem Scale, dan kuesioner pola asuh anak yang diisi langsung oleh responden. Analisis data yang dilakukan adalah secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Variabel dependen penelitian adalah perilaku seksual.
Hasil: Empat puluh delapan persen responden memiliki perilaku seksual berisiko dan 2 persen berperilaku seksual berisiko tidak aman, 79 persen responden memiliki pengetahuan seksual rendah dan 46 persen responden memiliki sikap seksual negatif. Sebesar 35 persen responden memiliki citra diri rendah dan 26 persen memiliki tipe pola asuh exposure di antaranya 12 persen pola asuh tipe permisif. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara perilaku seksual dengan usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat kelas, pengetahuan seksual, dan sikap seksual (p£0,05). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara perilaku seksual dengan usia, jenis kelamin, tingkat kelas, pengetahuan seksual dan sikap seksual (p£0,05). Faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi perilaku seksual adalah tingkat kelas.
Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan rendah, sikap seksual negatif, citra diri rendah dan pola asuh exposure meningkatkan risiko terjadinya perilaku seksual berisiko. Faktor pengetahuan seksual, sikap seksual, usia, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat kelas dapat membantu mencegah perilaku seksual berisiko pada remaja SMP.
Kata kunci: Pengetahuan seksual, Sikap-perilaku seksual negatif, Citra diri, Pola asuh, Remaja
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