Aktivitas Penghambatan α-glukosidase dan Peredaman Radikal Bebas Ekstrak Kapang Endofit yang Diisolasi dari Rimpang Kunyit
α-Glucosidase Inhibition and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of the Extract of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Turmeric Root
Abstract
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the metabolic disorders that causes an increase in blood sugar levels above normal the normal threshold. The case of diabetes is usually accompanied by an increase in free radicals in the patient’s body. In Indonesia, one of the plants traditionally used to treat high blood sugar levels and contains antioxidant compounds is turmeric. The use of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants as a source of active compounds is widely carried out. Therefore this research aims to determine the antidiabetic and antioxidant activity of the extract of turmeric endophytic fungi from Bogor in vitro. The antidiabetic test used the method of inhibiting of α-glucosidase enzymes, while the antioxidant test used the method of reducing free radicals 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The test results show that the five endophytic mold ethyl acetate extracts have the ability to inhibit the α-glukosidase enzyme and antioxidant activity. Ethyl acetate extract isolate Bo.Ci.Cl.R5 was the most active in α-the the inhibitory activity of a glucosidase enzyme activity and free radical reduction with IC50 values of 336.22 μg/mL and 91.70 μg/mL respectively. Therefore extract of endophytic fungi isolates Bo.Ci.Cl.R5 isolate has the potential to be developed as an alternative raw material for antidiabetic drugs.
Abstrak
Diabetes melitus merupakan salah satu kerusakan metabolisme tubuh yang menyebabkan naiknya kadar gula dalam darah di atas ambang batas normal. Kasus diabetes biasanya diiringi oleh meningkatnya radikal bebas dalam tubuh penderita. Di Indonesia, salah satu tanaman yang secara tradisional digunakan untuk mengobati kadar gula darah yang tinggi dan mengandung senyawa antioksidan ialah tanaman kunyit. Pemanfaatan kapang endofit asal tanaman berkhasiat obat sebagai sumber senyawa aktif banyak dilakukan. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antidiabetes dan antioksidan dari ekstrak kapang endofit rimpang kunyit asal Bogor secara in vitro. Uji antidiabetes menggunakan metode penghambatan aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase, sedangkan uji antioksidan menggunakan metode peredaman radikal bebas 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa kelima ekstrak etil asetat kapang endofit memiliki kemampuan dalam menghambat enzim α-glukosidase dan memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Ekstrak etil asetat isolat Bo.Ci.Cl.R5 merupakan yang paling aktif pada uji aktivitas penghambatan aktivitas enzim α-glukosidase dan peredaman radikal bebas dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing uji sebesar 336,22 μg/mL dan 91,70 μg/mL. Oleh karena itu ekstrak isolat kapang endofit Bo.Ci.Cl.R5 berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai alternatif bahan baku obat antidiabetes.
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