Kesintasan Penyakit Ginjal Kronik yang Menjalani Hemodialisis di Rumah Sakit Abdul Moeloek Lampung Tahun 2017-2018
Survival of Chronic Kidney Disease through Hemodialysis in Abdul Moeloek Hospital Lampung 2017-2018
Abstract
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCD) have become health problems in various parts of the world. One of NCD which is a health problem is chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a global public health problem with an increasing prevalence and incidence of kidney failure, poor prognosis and high cost of care. CKD is a cause of death globally, the biggest cause of CKD is coomorbidity with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The highest mortality occurred in less than the first 12 months of hemodialysis, which was 78,1%. The purpose of this study was to determine the age, sex, duration of survival of CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis based on comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Retrospective cohort study designis used a, with a sample of 201 respondents. The study used data from the daily reports of the hemodialysis unit, namely patients who under went hemodialysis and then observed for 12 months. The outcome variable for mortality and its risks factors (diabetes, age, and gender). The analysis used survival analysis with cox regression. The results of the study were 37.8% of deaths occured, CKD patients with with diabetes mellitus comorbidity 24.9%. Respondents on hemodialysis are based on gender were male (45,3%) and female (54,7%) ages less than 45 years (27.4%).The Statistical test results obtained from non-diabetes mellitus group had a 3.1 times higher survival rate than the diabetes mellitus group (p value = 0.01).
Abstrak
Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) menjadi masalah kesehatan di berbagai belahan dunia. Salah satu PTM yang menjadi masalah kesehatan adalah penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK). PGK merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat global dengan prevalensi dan insidens gagal ginjal yang terus meningkat, prognosis yang buruk dan memerlukan biaya perawatan yang tinggi. PGK merupakan penyebab kematian secara global. Penyebab PGK terbesar adalah komorbiditas dengan diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kematian tertinggi terjadi pada kurang dari 12 bulan pertama menjalani hemodialisis yaitu sebesar 78,1%. Tujuan untuk mengetahui umur, jenis kelamin, lama ketahanan hidup pasien PGK yang menjalani hemodialisis berdasarkan komorbiditas diabetes melitus tipe 2. Desain penelitian kohort retrospektif dengan sampel sebesar 201 responden. Penelitian menggunakan data dari laporan harian unit hemodialisis yaitu pasien yang menjalani hemodialisis kemudian dilakukan observasi selama 12 bulan. Variabel outcome kematian dan faktor risikonya (diabetes, umur, dan jenis kelamin). Analisis yang digunakan analisis survival dengan cox regression. Hasil penelitian terjadi kematian sebesar 37,8%, pasien PGK dengan komorbiditas diabetes melitus 24,9%. Responden hemodialisis berdasarkan jenis kelamin Laki-laki (45,3%) dan perempuan (54,7%) umur kurang dari 45 tahun 27,4%. Hasil uji statistik diperoleh kelompok tidak diabetes melitus memiliki kesintasan 3,1 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok diabetes melitus (p Value = 0,01).
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