Systematic Review : Determinan Faktor yang Memengaruhi Kepatuhan Pengobatan Pasien Diabetes Tipe 2 di Indonesia
Systematic Review : Determinants of Factors Affecting Medication Adherence of Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Indonesia
Abstract
Adherence to pharmacological therapy is the main key in the treatment of diabetes but has not received full attention by clinicians. Several systematic reviews of medication adherence factors have been carried out in several regions of the country. However, it does not feature studies from Indonesia. This study aims to review the factors that can influence diabetes medication adherence in Indonesia. Systematic literature reviews were carried out through searching the database of National (Garuda and Sinta) and International (PubMed and Science Direct) journals. Research that met the inclusion criteria and published in January 2011 - December 2020. The quality of the study was assessed using SQAT guidelines. The research reporting method uses PRISMA guidelines. Adherence factors are classified based on the domain of compliance factors according to World Health Organizatin (WHO). A total of 370 scientific research from the Garuda database (n = 36); Science direct (n = 108); PubMed (n = 18); Sinta (n = 208). Three hundred forty-one (341) studies were excluded, 29 full-text screening, 16 research articles met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Factors that affect adherence to diabetes medication are social and economic (income, education level, and occupation); labor and health system factors (health workers); patient therapy factors (number of diabetes medicines, frequency of taking medication, and drug product); factors patient disease (blood sugar levels, duration of illness); patient factors (gender, emotional factors, social support, level of knowledge and treatment satisfaction); and
disease management factors (counseling and pharmacy education). Factors that affect adherence to diabetes medication in Indonesia are very diverse and multi-factorial. These factors can serve as targets for relevant interventions. Clinicians need to consider adjusting the frequency of taking medication and providing social support to diabetes patients.
Abstrak
Kepatuhan terhadap terapi farmakologi merupakan kunci utama pengobatan penyakit diabetes, tetapi belum mendapat perhatian penuh oleh para klinisi. Beberapa systematic review faktor kepatuhan telah dilakukan di beberapa kawasan negara. Namun, tidak menampilkan studi dari Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau secara sistematis faktor-faktor yang dapat memengaruhi kepatuhan minum obat diabetes melitus (DM) di Indonesia. Systematic literature review dilakukan melalui pencarian pada database jurnal Nasional (Garuda dan Sinta) dan Internasional (PubMed dan Science Direct). Penelitian yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan dipublikasikan pada Januari 2011 – Desember 2020. Kualitas penelitian dinilai menggunakan panduan SQAT. Metode pelaporan penelitian menggunakan pedoman PRISMA. Faktor kepatuhan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan domain faktor kepatuhan menurut World Health Organization (WHO). Sebanyak 370 artikel ilmiah penelitian dari database Garuda (n=36); Science Direct (n= 108); PubMed (n= 18); Sinta (n= 208). 341 artikel penelitian dieksklusi, 29 artikel skrining full text, dan 16 artikel penelitian memenuhi kriteria inklusi untuk dianalisis. Faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan minum obat diabetes adalah faktor sosial dan ekonomi (penghasilan, tingkat pendidikan, dan pekerjaan), faktor tenaga dan sistem kesehatan (tenaga kesehatan), faktor terapi pasien (jumlah obat diabetes, frekuensi minum obat, dan produk obat), faktor penyakit pasien (kadar gula darah, durasi penyakit), faktor pasien (jenis kelamin, faktor emosional, dukungan sosial, tingkat pengetahuan, dan kepuasan pengobatan), dan faktor pengelolaan penyakit (konseling dan edukasi farmasi). Faktor yang memengaruhi kepatuhan minum obat DM di Indonesia sangat beragam, dan
multifaktor. Faktor tersebut dapat berfungsi sebagai target intervensi yang relevan. Para klinisi perlu mempertimbangkan penyesuaian frekuensi minum obat dan pemberian dukungan sosial kepada pasien DM.
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