Prediktor Sindrom Metabolik : Studi Kohor Prospektif Selama Enam Tahun di Bogor, Indonesia
Predictor of Metabolic Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study During Six Years in Bogor, Indonesia
Abstract
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in the world is between 20-25%, whereas in Indonesia 23.34%, is higher in men (26.2%) than in women (21.4%). SM is predicted to cause a two-fold increase in the risk of heart disease and five-fold in type 2 diabetes mellitus. There are no data on MS incidents in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine MS predictor and hazard rate from predictor factors during the six-years follow up in Bogor city. This study is a sub sample of data “Cohort Study of Non Communicable Disease Risk Factors” in Bogor City conducted in 2017. The sample taken is respondents who meet the criteria of MS in accordance with NCEP/ATP III. A total of 4,215 samples that were MS free at baseline were analyzed. Data were collected by interview, physical measurement and laboratory examination every two years during the six year follow-up (2011-2017). Bivariate analysis was performed to obtain a significant p value, followed by multivariate analysis with cox regression to see the hazard rate (HR). The result is the incidence of MS was 56 person years per 10.000 population, during 6 yeras observation. After adjusting for age, the MS were women with predictor or HR 4.78 (95% CI 1.11 – 20.56) and carbohydrate intake with HR 2.99 (95% CI 1.28 – 6.98). Women was main predictors of MS after controlling carbohydrate intake among people aged 25 years and above.To control of carbohydrate intake among women is a priority of MS control programs in community. Predictors for the incidence of SM women at risk were 4.78 times compared to men and carbohydrate consumption was 2.99 times.
Abstrak
Prevalensi sindrom metabolik (SM) di dunia antara 20-25%, sedangkan di Indonesia 23,34%, lebih tinggi pada laki-laki (26,2%) dibandingkan pada perempuan (21,4%). SM diprediksi menyebabkan kenaikan dua kali lipat risiko terjadinya penyakit jantung dan lima kali lipat pada penyakit diabetes melitus tipe 2. Belum ada data insiden SM di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian untuk menentukan variabel prediksi responden SM dan mendapatkan hazard rate dari faktor prediktor selama follow up enam tahun di Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini merupakan sub sampel data “Studi Kohor Faktor Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular” di Kota Bogor yang dilakukan pada tahun 2017. Sampel yang diambil adalah responden yang memenuhi kriteria SM sesuai NCEP/ATP III. Sebanyak 4.215 sampel yang bebas SM saat baseline, dianalisis. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara, pengukuran fisik dan pemeriksaan laboratorium setiap dua tahun selama follow up enam 6 tahun (2011-2017). Analisis bivariat dilakukan untuk mendapatkan nilai p yang bermakna, dilanjutkan dengan analisis multivariat dengan regresi cox untuk melihat hazard rate (HR). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan insiden SM sebesar 56 per 10.000 penduduk selama enam tahun pengamatan. Setelah di disesuaikan dengan umur maka HR atau prediktor SM adalah perempuan 4,78 (95% CI 1,11 – 20,56) dengan p = 0,03 dan asupan karbohidrat 2,99 (95% CI 1,28 – 6,98) dengan p = 0,01. Wanita dan asupan karbohidrat adalah prediktor untuk SM pada responden berusia 25 tahun ke atas. Kontrol asupan karbohidrat pada wanita merupakan prioritas program pengendalian sindrom metabolik di masyarakat. Prediktor untuk kejadian SM wanita berisiko sebesar 4,78 kali dibanding dengan laki laki dan komsumsi karbohidrat 2,99 kali.
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