AKTIVITAS HIPOGLIKEMIK SNEDDS EKSTRAK ETANOL BUAH HARENDONG (Melastoma affine D.Don) PADA IKAN ZEBRA (Danio rerio) YANG DIINDUKSI ALOKSAN

Arnetta Novitalia; Isnatin Miladiyah

doi:10.22435/jtoi.v15i1.5313

Arnetta Novitalia Universitas Islam Indonesia
Isnatin Miladiyah Departemen Farmakologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Islam Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22435/jtoi.v15i1.5313

Abstract

Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit kronik dengan prevalensi yang tinggi di Indonesia dan diperkirakan akan terus mengalami peningkatan. Buah Harendong (Melastoma affine D.Don) mempunyai kandungan senyawa flavonoid berupa antosianin dan fenol yang berpotensi memiliki aktivitas hipoglikemik pada penderita diabetes melitus. Sediaan Self Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) dapat meningkatkan ketersediaan hayati zat aktif senyawa sehingga memperbaiki efek terapetik senyawa tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas hipoglikemik SNEDDS ekstrak etanol buah harendong pada ikan zebra. Ekstraksi buah harendong menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 96%, ekstrak yang dihasilkan selanjutnya diformulasikan dalam sediaan SNEDDS dengan menambahkan kollisolv, tween 20 dan gliserin (2:6:1). Karakterisasi SNEDDS ekstrak etanol buah harendong dengan hasil ukuran partikel 77,8 nm, polydispersity index 0,123 D, zeta potensial -32,1 mV serta persen transmitan 74,567% telah memenuhi kriteria formulasi SNEDDS. Uji aktivitas hipoglikemik dengan menggunakan ikan zebra yang diinduksi aloksan 300mg selama 24 jam dan perendaman pada larutan glukosa 2% selama 7 hari. Pada penelitian ini terdapat 6 kelompok terdiri dari kelompok normal, kelompok kontrol negatif (tanpa perlakuan), kelompok kontrol positif (metformin 100 μM) dan kelompok perlakuan dengan variasi dosis kelompok H I (100 mg/2L SNEDDS), kelompok H II (200 mg/2L SNEDDS), kelompok H III ( 300 mg/2L SNEDDS). Nilai rata-rata kadar glukosa darah puasa (KGDP) kelompok normal 70,9 ± 3,7 mg/dL; kelompok kontrol negatif 208,9 ± 23,2 mg/dL; kelompok kontrol positif 68,7 ± 4,3 mg/dL; kelompok H I 100mg/2L SNEDDS 92,8 ± 8,07 mg/dL; kelompok H II 200mg/2L SNEDDS 65,2 ± 2,2 mg/dL; kelompok H III 300mg/2L SNEDDS 60,7 ± 1,8 mg/dL. Sehingga aktivitas hipoglikemik SNEDDS ekstrak etanol buah harendong terdapat pada dosis SNEDDS 200 mg/dL SNEDDS dan 300 mg/dL SNEDDS.

Kata kunci: diabetes melitus, hipoglikemik, Melastoma affine D.Don, SNEDDS, ikan zebra

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