Tingkat Infestasi Schistosomiasis Pada Tikus di Daerah Endemis Napu, Kabupaten Poso, Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah
Schistosomiasis Infestation Rate Of Rats In Endemic Area Of Napu, Poso Regency, Central Sulawesi Province
Abstract
Abstract
Rats are known as the natural reservoir of several worm infections that are important for public health, one of which is schistosomiasis. This study aimed to identify the species variety of rats and infection rate of schistosomiasis in rats in schistosomiasis Napu endemic areas, especially in Dodolo and Kaduwaa villages, Poso District, Central Sulawesi. This research was an observational study that conducted from May to June 2018. Trap the rats was carried out for three consecutive nights using 100 traps that were conducted in different places, namely cacao fields, bamboo groves, corn fields, and shrubs. The total number of rats caught in Dodolo Village was 15 of the 100 traps. The species of rats found were Rattus argentiventer, Rattus sp., R.tanezumi, R.exulans, Maxomys muschenbroekii, and Paruromys dominator. The number of rats infected with schistosomiasis was 7 (46,67% infection rate). The total number of rats caught in Kaduwaa Village was 13 of the 100 traps. The species oof rats found were Rattus argentiventer, R.tanezumi, and R.exulans. The number of rats infected with schistosomiasis were 3 (23,07% infection rate). From the results can be concluded that sylvatic transmission of schistosomiasis still occured in endemic areas.
Abstrak
Tikus dikenal sebagai reservoir alami dari beberapa infestasi cacing yang penting bagi kesehatan masyarakat, salah satunya schistosomiasis. Tikus mengandung telur cacing Schistosoma japonicum yang dapat ditularkan ke manusia secara tidak langsung melalui hospes keong perantara schistosomiasis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis tikus dan tingkat infestasi cacing S. japonicum pada tikus di daerah endemis schistosomiasis Napu, khususnya di Desa Dodolo dan Kaduwaa, Kabupaten Poso, Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian ini merupakan studi observasional yang dilakukan pada bulan Mei sampai Juni tahun 2018. Penangkapan tikus dilakukan selama tiga malam berturut-turut menggunakan 100 perangkap mati yang dipasang pada tempat yang berbeda, yaitu daerah fokus keong kebun cokelat, kebun bambu, kebun aren, kebun enau, aliran air, padang rumput, dan sawah. Jumlah total tikus yang tertangkap di Desa Dodolo adalah 15 ekor. Jenis tikus yang ditemukan yaitu Rattus argentiventer, Rattus sp., R.tanezumi, R.exulans, Maxomys muechenbroekii, dan Paruromys dominator. Jumlah tikus yang terinfestasi schistosomiasis sebanyak 7 ekor (infection rate 46,67%). Jumlah total tikus yang tertangkap di Desa Kaduwaa adalah 13 ekor dari 100 perangkap yang dipasang selama tiga malam. Jenis tikus yang ditemukan yaitu Rattus argentiventer, R.tanezumi, dan R.exulans. Jumlah tikus yang terinfestasi schistosomiasis adalah 3 ekor (infection rate 23,07%). Berdasarkan temuan tikus yang terinfestasi schistosomiasis tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penularan schistosomiasis yang melibatkan hewan liar masih terjadi di daerah endemis Napu, Kabupaten Poso, Sulawesi Tengah.
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