Penggunaan Insektisida Program dan Rumah Tangga dalam Pengendalian Vektor Demam Berdarah Aedes aegypti di Kalimantan Utara
Abstract
Abstract
Dengue control with the chemical method is still used in North Kalimantan, both in the Health Program and the community. The purpose of this study was to describe the use of control programs and household insecticides in dengue-endemic areas in North Kalimantan. The study was conducted by a cross-sectional design in the area of North Kalimantan Province, namely in Nunukan, Tarakan, and Bulungan Regency. The activities were interviews and secondary data collection to the DHF Program Manager. The study was conducted during May 2015 in 100 houses chosen randomly in each area. Data were analyzed descriptively to illustrate the use of insecticides, types of formulations, types of active ingredients, frequency, and time of use. The results showed that the insecticide from synthetic pyrethroid and organophosphate groups were mainly used with thermal fogging applications. As many as 790 (87.78%) of respondents stated using household insecticide for the last 3 years. Most people chose to use fuel and aerosol formulations. The most dominant active ingredients used are D-allethrin, Dimeflethrin, and transfluthrin. The frequency of household insecticide used by the community in the study area ranged from 7-14 times per week. The majority of insecticide was used at night.
Abstrak
Pengendalian Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) masih menggunakan metode kimia di Kalimantan Utara, baik di program kesehatan maupun masyarakat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran penggunaan insektisida program dan rumah tangga di daerah endemis DBD di Kalimantan Utara. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Nunukan dan Kabupaten Bulungan, Kalimantan Utara dengan desain observasi dan cross sectional . Kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu wawancara dan pengumpulan data sekunder ke Pengelola Program DBD. Pada masyarakat diambil 3 RW dengan endemisitas tertinggi 3 tahun terakhir. Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2015 pada 100 rumah yang dipilih secara acak pada masing-masing RW. Data hasil wawancara dianalisa secara deskriptif untuk menggambarkan penggunaan insektisida, jenis formulasi, jenis bahan aktif, frekuensi dan waktu penggunaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penggunaan insektisida umumnya dari golongan Synthetic peritroid dan organosfosfat dengan aplikasi thermal fogging. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara terhadap 790 responden (87.78%) menyatakan sebagaian besar rumah tangga menggunakan insektisida rumah tangga selama tiga tahun terakhir. Sebagian besar masyarakat memilih menggunakan jenis formulasi bakar dan aerosol dengan bahan aktif yang paling dominan digunakan adalah D-Alethrin dan Dimeflethrin dan transfluthrin. Frekuensi penggunaan insektisida rumah tangga oleh masyarakat di wilayah penelitian berkisar antara 7-14 kali per minggu. Penggunaan insektisida mayoritas dipakai pada malam hari.
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