Gambaran Ketepatan Sasaran Pendistribusian Kelambu Berinsektisida Terhadap Pengendalian Malaria Di Enam Wilayah Endemis Malaria Di Indonesia
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Malaria is a global health burden because of its high mortality, morbidity and cost to the country's economy. Malaria data in 2021 in Indonesia reached 94,610 cases as many as 167 (32%) out of 514 districts/cities still have problems with malaria. Proper malaria prevention and management is essential. The use of LLIN is the main strategy for controlling malaria in the world, including in Indonesia. The aim of the study was to describe the accuracy of the targeting of the distribution of insecticide-treated mosquito nets in 6 malaria endemic areas in Indonesia. This type of research is observational with a cross-sectional design and n=30. The research population was the stake holder of the District/City Health Office, Public Health Center and malaria cadre
in Indonesia, while the sample of the stake holder of the District/City Health Office, Public Health Center and malaria cadre was 6 malaria endemic areas in Indonesia. Data collected by the management of the malaria control program. The result is the priority of malaria prevention is the use of LLIN, but the distribution is not evenly distributed. Malaria control other than LLIN are IRS, MBS, larvicides and removal of mosses. IRS is done if API> 20‰. The main problem is the lack of funds for distribution activities, not all regions can collaborate across sectors and share budgets, as well as conduct training. Monev was not carried out due to limited funds. It is necessary for the role of stakeholders to advocate to the Governor/Regent in allocating sufficient and
prioritized budgets. It is necessary to socialize the use and maintenance of LLINs, as well as to calculate the exact need for mosquito nets in each region.
ABSTRAK
Malaria merupakan beban kesehatan global karena mortalitas, morbiditas dan biayanya tinggi terhadap ekonomi negara. Data malaria tahun 2021 di Indonesia mencapai 94.610 kasus. Sebanyak 167 (32%) dari 514 kabupaten/kota masih bermasalah dengan malaria. Pencegahan dan manajemen malaria yang tepat sangat
diperlukan. Penggunaan LLIN merupakan strategi utama pengendalian malaria di dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian untuk melihat gambaran ketepatan sasaran pelaksanaan pendistribusian kelambu berinsektisida di 6 wilayah endemis malaria di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian observasional dengan desain potong lintang dan n=30. Populasi penelitian stake holder Dinkes Kabupaten/kota dan Puskesmas di Indonesia, sedangkan sampel stake holder Dinkes Kab/kota, Puskesmas serta kader malaria 6 wilayah endemis malaria di Indonesia. Data yang dikumpulkan manajemen program pengendalian malaria. Hasil penelitian adalah prioritas utama pencegahan malaria adalah penggunaan LLIN, namun distribusi belum merata. Pengendalian
malaria selain LLIN yaitu IRS, MBS, larvasida dan pengangkatan lumut. IRS dilakukan apabila API>20‰. Masalah utama kurangnya dana untuk kegiatan pendistribusian, tidak semua wilayah bisa melakukan kerjasama lintas sektor dan sharing budget, serta melakukan pelatihan. Monitoring dan evaluasi tidak dilakukan karena keterbatasan dana. Kesimpulan, diperlukan peran stakeholder untuk advokasi kepada Gubernur/Bupati dalam pengalokasian anggaran yang cukup dan mendapat prioritas. Diperlukan sosialisasi penggunaan dan pemeliharaan LLIN, juga perhitungan tepat kebutuhan kelambu di setiap wilayah.
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