Aktivitas Penggunaan Insektisida Komersil oleh Masyarakat di Daerah Endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue di Provinsi Sulawesi Barat
Activities for The Use of Commercial Insecticide By Communities In Endemic Areas of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever In West Sulawesi Province
Abstract
Abstract
Commercial insecticides in Asia are used to control insects including mosquitoes, which are about 28-89% in endemic areas of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). West Sulawesi Province is one of the dengue endemic areas in Indonesia. The study is a part of multicenter research “Map of Aedes aegypti Mosquito susceptibility Against Insecticides in Indonesia in 2015”. This study aims to the describe the use of commercial insecticides in three endemic districts of West Sulawesi using a cross-sectional design. Data obtained through interviews and observations conducted in July-August 2015 at least 100 homes which were randomly selected in each RW/RT. Data were analyzed descriptively to describe the use of insecticides, types of formulations, types of active ingredients, and the duration of use. The study found that 85% of respondents used commercial insecticides. Most of the respondents chose to use mosquitoes coil (83.5%), the most active ingredients found were D-allethrin (43.8%) and Dimefluthrin (30.4). Most respondents (45.8%) have been using commercial insecticides for more than five years and more dominant to apply at night (79.1%). The government needs to control the use of insecticides in the community so that there is no DHF vector resistance to insecticides used in DHF control programs.
Abstrak
Insektisida komersil di Asia digunakan untuk mengendalikan serangga termasuk nyamuk, yang sekitar 28-89% berada di daerah endemis Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD). Provinsi Sulawesi Barat merupakan salah satu daerah endemis DBD di Indonesia. Studi ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian multicenter “Peta Kerentanan Nyamuk Aedes aegypti di Indonesia Tahun 2015”. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan insektisida komersil di Sulawesi Barat dengan menggunakan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan di tiga kabupaten endemis DBD. Pengambilan data berupa wawancara dan pengamatan yang dilakukan bulan Juli-Agustus 2015 pada minimal 100 rumah yang dipilih secara acak pada masing-masing RW/RT endemis DBD. Data dianalisa secara deskriptif untuk menggambarkan penggunaan insektisida, jenis formulasi, jenis bahan aktif, dan lama penggunaan. Hasil studi menemukan sebanyak 85% responden menggunakan insektisida komersil. Sebagian besar responden memilih menggunakan jenis insektisida bakar (koil) (83,5%), bahan aktif yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah D-allethrin(43,8%) dan Dimefluthrin (30,4). Sebagian besar responden (45,8%) sudah lebih dari lima tahun menggunakan insektisida komersil dan lebih dominan mengaplikasikannya pada malam hari (79,1%). Pemerintah perlu mengontrol penggunaan insektisida di masyarakat, agar tidak terjadi resistensi vektor DBD terhadap insektisida program.
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