PENGARUH VARIASI KEPADATAN PUPA Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) DALAM MEDIA IRADIASI SINAR GAMMA 70 Gy TERHADAP TINGKAT STERILITAS NYAMUK JANTAN
EFFECT OF PUPAE DENSITY VARIATION OF Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) IN GAMMA RAY IRRADIATION MEDIA OF 70 Gy ON THE STERILITY RATE OF MALE MOSQUITO
Abstract
Irradiation is one of the activities in the sterile insect technique. Currently, a large scale of male sterile production by irradiation and egg production in high sterility is needed. To analyze the influence of density variations of Ae. aegypti male pupae in gamma-ray irradiation (70 Gy) to the adult mosquito emergence rate, number of eggs produced by the fertile female, and the rate of eggs produced sterility of fertile female. The experimental design with a post-test only control group. The sample was 5,400 pairs of pupae. The male pupae were irradiated with different densities, ie 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 individuals, five repetitions and control. The irradiation was carried out in the National Nuclear Energy Agency, Jakarta. After irradiation, the adult mosquito emergence rate was observed and then mated with fertile females. The number of eggs and the sterility rate were then observed. The results showed that the more pupae in the vial tubes irradiated, the lower the percentage of adult mosquitoes that appeared. This has an impact on the greater number of eggs produced, and the lower the sterility of eggs produced. Based on the results of the ANOVA test and Tukey follow-up test at 1% error rate showed that the irradiated pupae density affected the adult emergence rate, a number of eggs produced, and egg sterility level. The best rate of emergence of adults at a density of 120 individuals, the most optimal number of eggs at a density of 300 individuals, and the best level of sterility at a density of 60 individuals.
Abstrak
Radiasi merupakan salah satu kegiatan teknik serangga mandul. Saat ini, dibutuhkan metode memproduksi jantan mandul dengan radiasi pupa jantan dalam jumlah banyak dan menghasilkan tingkat sterilitas telur tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh variasi kepadatan pupa Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) jantan dalam media radiasi sinar gamma 70 Gy terhadap tingkat kemunculan nyamuk jantan dewasa, jumlah telur dihasilkan dari hasil perkawinan antara jantan dewasa hasil radiasi dengan betina fertil, dan tingkat sterilitas telur. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan rancangan post test only with control group. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 5.400 pasang pupa jantan betina. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan cara meradiasi pupa jantan dengan kepadatan yang berbeda-beda, yaitu 60, 120, 180, 240, dan 300 individu, 5 kali pengulangan dan kontrol (tidak diradiasi). Setelah diradiasi, tingkat kemunculan nyamuk jantan dewasa diamati dan kemudian dikawinkan dengan betina fertil. Selanjutnya, diamati jumlah telur yang dihasilkan nyamuk betina dari perkawinan nyamuk jantan hasil radiasi dan betina fertil dan tingkat sterilitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan semakin banyak pupa dalam tabung vial yang diradiasi maka semakin rendah persentase nyamuk dewasa yang muncul, semakin banyak pula jumlah telur yang dihasilkan, dan semakin rendah tingkat sterilitas telur yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan hasil uji ANOVA dan uji lanjut Tukey pada tingkat kesalahan 1% menunjukkan ada pengaruh antara kepadatan pupa yang diradiasi terhadap tingkat kemunculan dewasa, jumlah telur yang dihasilkan, dan tingkat sterilitas telur. Tingkat kemunculan dewasa paling baik pada kepadatan 120 individu, jumlah telur paling optimal pada kepadatan 300 individu dan tingkat sterilitas paling baik pada kepadatan 60 individu
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