Systematic Review: Prevalensi dan Dampak Infeksi Malaria pada Wanita Hamil dan Neonatal
Keywords:
malaria, pregnant women, pregnancy, prevalence, neonatal
Abstract
Globally, malaria cases in the world reached 241 million cases in 2020 and increase from the previous year. Malaria infection in pregnant women was reported in 33 countries, and the cases were estimated at 11.6 million (34%). Malaria infection can increase maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality, including anemia in pregnancy, low birth weight, premature birth, stillbirth, and small gestation age, and congenital malaria. This article discusses pregnant women's malaria infection prevalence and maternal and neonatal outcomes. This paper is a systematic review by searching for articles using electronic databases from Pubmed and ScienceDirect using keywords “Malaria” and “Pregnancy” or “Pregnant Women” and “Outcome” or “Impact” and “Maternal” or “Neonatal”. The selection of articles used the PRISMA guidelines which were then analyzed in a narrative manner. Based on the article search results obtained 10 articles that meet the criteria for analysis. The prevalence of malaria infection in pregnancy is still high. Reported outcomes in pregnancy, birth, and neonates include preterm birth, low birth weight, small gestation age, maternal anemia, and maternal and neonatal mortality. The role of health workers is very important to prevent malaria infection in pregnancy so that it does not result in adverse health impacts for maternal and neonatal.
References
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10. Cardona-Arias JA, Carmona-Fonseca J. Frequency of gestational malaria and maternal–neonatal outcomes, in Northwestern Colombia 2009–2020. Sci Reports (Nature Publ Group) [Internet]. 2022;12(1); 1-9. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15011-1.
11. Massamba JE, Djontu JC, Vouvoungui CJ, Kobawila C, Ntoumi F. Plasmodium falciparum multiplicity of infection and pregnancy outcomes in Congolese women from southern Brazzaville, Republic of Congo. Malar J [Internet]. 2022;21(1):1–13. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04105-w.
12. Hussein H, Shamsipour M, Yunesian M, Hassanvand MS, Agordoh PD, Seidu MA, et al. Prenatal malaria exposure and risk of adverse birth outcomes: a prospective cohort study of pregnant women in the Northern Region of Ghana. BMJ Open. 2022;12(8):1–9. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058343.
13. Lingani M, Zango SH, Valéa I, Sanou M, Ouoba S, Samadoulougou S, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of malaria among first antenatal care attendees in rural Burkina Faso. Trop Med Health [Internet]. 2022;50(49). doi: 10.1186/s41182-022-00442-3.
14. Vásquez AM, Zuluaga-Idárraga L, Arboleda M, Usuga LY, Gallego-Marin C, Lasso A, et al. Malaria in pregnancy in endemic regions of Colombia: High frequency of asymptomatic and peri-urban infections in pregnant women with malaria. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2020; 2750258. doi: 10.1155/2020/2750258. eCollection 2020.
15. Accrombessi M, Yovo E, Fievet N, Cottrell G, Agbota G, Gartner A, et al. Effects of malaria in the first trimester of pregnancy on poor maternal and birth outcomes in Benin. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;69(8):1385–93. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy1073.
16. Diallo S, Roberts SA, Gies S, Rouamba T, Swinkels DW, Geurts-Moespot AJ, et al. Malaria early in the first pregnancy: potential impact of iron status. Clin Nutr. 2020;39(1):204–14. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.01.016.
17. Vincenz C, Dolo Z, Saye S, Lovett JL, Strassmann BI. Risk factors for placental malaria, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine doses, and birth outcomes in a rural to urban prospective cohort study on the Bandiagara Escarpment and Bamako, Mali. Malar J. 2022;21(1):1–16. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04125-6.
18. Gontie GB, Wolde HF, Baraki AG. Prevalence and associated factors of malaria among pregnant women in Sherkole district, Benishangul Gumuz regional state, West Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2020;20(1):1–8. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05289-9.
19. Budiyanto A, Wuriastuti T. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian malaria pada ibu hamil di Indonesia. Media Penelit dan Pengemb Kesehat. 2017;27(1):25–30.
20. Kementerian Kesehatan. Laporan kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Penyakit tahun 2021. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan; 2021.
21. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Pedoman Pelayanan Antenatal Terpadu. 3rd ed. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2020.
22. Mubashir M, Ahmed KS, Mubashir H, Quddusi A, Farooq A, Ahmed SI, et al. Dengue and malaria infections in pregnancy: maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes at a tertiary care hospital. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2020;132(7–8):188–96. doi: 10.1007/s00508-019-01606-8.
23. Harrington WE, Kakuru A, Jagannathan P. Malaria in pregnancy shapes the development of foetal and infant immunity. Parasite Immunology. 2019; 41(3):e12573. doi: 10.1111/pim.12573.
24. Shulman CE, Dorman EK, Bulmer JN. Malaria as a cause of severe anaemia in pregnancy. Lancet. 2002;360(9331):494. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(02)09662-9.
25. Adam I, Ibrahim Y, Elhardello O. Prevalence, types and determinants of anemia among pregnant women in Sudan: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Hematol. 2018;18(1):4–11. doi: 10.1186/s12878-018-0124-1.
26. Chandrashekar VN, Punnath K, Dayanand KK, Achur RN, Kakkilaya SB, Jayadev P, et al. Malarial anemia among pregnant women in the south-western coastal city of Mangaluru in India. Informatics Med Unlocked [Internet]. 2019;15:100159. doi: 10.1016/j.imu.2019.02.003.
27. Hounkonnou C, Djènontin A, Egbinola S, Houngbegnon P, Bouraima A, Soares C, et al. Impact of the use and efficacy of long lasting insecticidal net on malaria infection during the first trimester of pregnancy - a pre-conceptional cohort study in southern Benin. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):1–7.
28. Goheen MM, Bah A, Wegmüller R, Verhoef H, Darboe B, Danso E, et al. Host iron status and erythropoietic response to iron supplementation determines susceptibility to the RBC stage of falciparum malaria during pregnancy. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1–12. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16896-z.
29. Maharani CR, Yeni CM, Ayu DM. Prevalence of pregnant women with malaria in aceh, symptoms and fetomaternal outcome. Bali Med J. 2021;10(2):534–9.
30. Rubenstein BL, Chinkhumba J, Chilima E, Kwizombe C, Malpass A, Cash S, et al. A cluster randomized trial of delivery of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy at the community level in Malawi. Malar J [Internet]. 2022;21(1):1–13. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04216-4.
31. Cardona-Arias JA, Carmona-Fonseca J. Congenital malaria: frequency and epidemiology in Colombia, 2009-2020. PLoS One [Internet]. 2022;17(2):e0263451. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263451.
32. Romani L, Pane S, Severini C, Menegon M, Foglietta G, Bernardi S, et al. Challenging diagnosis of congenital malaria in non-endemic areas. Malar J [Internet]. 2018;17(1):1–12. doi: 10.1186/s12936-018-2614-9.
33. Nara MB, Huwae IR, Fitri LE, Jahja NE. Malaria kongenital di daerah endemis Indonesia: studi di RSUD Dr. Tc Hillers Maumere Flores. Sari Pediatr. 2015;17(1):21-4.
34. Osungbade KO, Oladunjoye OO. Prevention of congenital transmission of malaria in Sub-Saharan African Countries: challenges and implications for health system strengthening. J Trop Med [Internet]. 2012;2012:1-6. doi: 10.1155/2012/648456.
35. Chawanpaiboon S, Vogel JP, Moller AB, Lumbiganon P, Petzold M, Hogan D, et al. Global, regional, and national estimates of levels of preterm birth in 2014: a systematic review and modelling analysis. Lancet Glob Heal. 2019;7(1):e37–46. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30451-0.
36. UNICEF, WHO. Low birthweight estimates: levels and trends 2000–2015. [Internet]. Genewa: World Health Organization: 2019. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/reports/UNICEF-WHO-low-birthweight-estimates-2019.
37. Carmona-Fonseca J, Cardona-Arias JA. Placental malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax or P. falciparum in Colombia: histopathology and mediators in placental processes. PLoS One [Internet]. 2022;17(1):1–16. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263092.
38. Zakama AK, Ozarslan N, Gaw SL. Placental malaria. Curr Trop Med Reports. 2020;7(4):162–71. doi: 10.1007/s40475-020-00213-2.
39. Lawford HLS, Lee AC, Kumar S, Liley HG, Bora S. Establishing a conceptual framework of the impact of placental malaria on infant neurodevelopment. Int J Infect Dis. 2019;84:54–65. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.04.019.
40. Kitojo C, Chacky F, Kigadye ES, Mugasa JP, Lusasi A, Mohamed A, et al. Evaluation of a single screen and treat strategy to detect asymptomatic malaria among pregnant women from selected health facilities in Lindi region, Tanzania. Malar J. 2020;19(1):1–8. doi: 10.1186/s12936-020-03513-0.
41. Anto F, Agongo IH, Asoala V, Awini E, Oduro AR. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: assessment of the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine three-dose policy on birth outcomes in Rural Northern Ghana. J Trop Med. 2019;2019. doi: 10.1155/2019/6712685.
2. Badan Litbangkes. Laporan hasil riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) Indonesia tahun 2018. Jakarta: Badan Penelit dan Pengemb Kesehat Kemenkes RI. 2018;5–10.
3. Ministry of Health of The Republic of Indonesia. National Action Plan for Acceleration of Malaria Elimination 2020-2024.Jakarta: Ministry of Health of The Republic of Indonesia; 2020;130.
4. World Health Organization. WHO Guidelines for malaria - 3 June 2022. 2022; Available from: http://apps.who.int/bookorders.
5. Ngai M, Weckman AM, Erice C, McDonald CR, Cahill LS, Sled JG, et al. Malaria in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: new mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Trends Parasitol [Internet]. 2020;36(2):127–37. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.12.005.
6. Elphinstone RE, Weckman AM, McDonald CR, Tran V, Zhong K, Madanitsa M, et al. Early malaria infection, dysregulation of angiogenesis, metabolism and inflammation across pregnancy, and risk of preterm birth in Malawi: a cohort study. PLoS Med [Internet]. 2019;16(10): e1002914. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002914.
7. Wahyunie S, Sennang N, Daud D, Arif M. Malaria kongenital. Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory. 2015;21(2): 202-7.
8. Nwaneli EI, Nri-ezedi CA, Okeke KN, Edokwe ES, Echendu ST, Iloh KK. Congenital cerebral malaria: a masquerader in a neonate. Malar J [Internet]. 2022;2:34. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04056-2.
9. Garrison A, Boivin MJ, Fiévet N, Zoumenou R, Alao JM, Massougbodji A, et al. The effects of malaria in pregnancy on neurocognitive development in children at 1 and 6 years of age in Benin: a prospective mother-child cohort. Clin Infect Dis. 2022;74(5):766–75. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab569.
10. Cardona-Arias JA, Carmona-Fonseca J. Frequency of gestational malaria and maternal–neonatal outcomes, in Northwestern Colombia 2009–2020. Sci Reports (Nature Publ Group) [Internet]. 2022;12(1); 1-9. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-15011-1.
11. Massamba JE, Djontu JC, Vouvoungui CJ, Kobawila C, Ntoumi F. Plasmodium falciparum multiplicity of infection and pregnancy outcomes in Congolese women from southern Brazzaville, Republic of Congo. Malar J [Internet]. 2022;21(1):1–13. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04105-w.
12. Hussein H, Shamsipour M, Yunesian M, Hassanvand MS, Agordoh PD, Seidu MA, et al. Prenatal malaria exposure and risk of adverse birth outcomes: a prospective cohort study of pregnant women in the Northern Region of Ghana. BMJ Open. 2022;12(8):1–9. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058343.
13. Lingani M, Zango SH, Valéa I, Sanou M, Ouoba S, Samadoulougou S, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of malaria among first antenatal care attendees in rural Burkina Faso. Trop Med Health [Internet]. 2022;50(49). doi: 10.1186/s41182-022-00442-3.
14. Vásquez AM, Zuluaga-Idárraga L, Arboleda M, Usuga LY, Gallego-Marin C, Lasso A, et al. Malaria in pregnancy in endemic regions of Colombia: High frequency of asymptomatic and peri-urban infections in pregnant women with malaria. Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2020; 2750258. doi: 10.1155/2020/2750258. eCollection 2020.
15. Accrombessi M, Yovo E, Fievet N, Cottrell G, Agbota G, Gartner A, et al. Effects of malaria in the first trimester of pregnancy on poor maternal and birth outcomes in Benin. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;69(8):1385–93. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy1073.
16. Diallo S, Roberts SA, Gies S, Rouamba T, Swinkels DW, Geurts-Moespot AJ, et al. Malaria early in the first pregnancy: potential impact of iron status. Clin Nutr. 2020;39(1):204–14. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.01.016.
17. Vincenz C, Dolo Z, Saye S, Lovett JL, Strassmann BI. Risk factors for placental malaria, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine doses, and birth outcomes in a rural to urban prospective cohort study on the Bandiagara Escarpment and Bamako, Mali. Malar J. 2022;21(1):1–16. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04125-6.
18. Gontie GB, Wolde HF, Baraki AG. Prevalence and associated factors of malaria among pregnant women in Sherkole district, Benishangul Gumuz regional state, West Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2020;20(1):1–8. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05289-9.
19. Budiyanto A, Wuriastuti T. Faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian malaria pada ibu hamil di Indonesia. Media Penelit dan Pengemb Kesehat. 2017;27(1):25–30.
20. Kementerian Kesehatan. Laporan kinerja Direktorat Jenderal Pencegahan Dan Pengendalian Penyakit tahun 2021. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan; 2021.
21. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. Pedoman Pelayanan Antenatal Terpadu. 3rd ed. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI; 2020.
22. Mubashir M, Ahmed KS, Mubashir H, Quddusi A, Farooq A, Ahmed SI, et al. Dengue and malaria infections in pregnancy: maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes at a tertiary care hospital. Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2020;132(7–8):188–96. doi: 10.1007/s00508-019-01606-8.
23. Harrington WE, Kakuru A, Jagannathan P. Malaria in pregnancy shapes the development of foetal and infant immunity. Parasite Immunology. 2019; 41(3):e12573. doi: 10.1111/pim.12573.
24. Shulman CE, Dorman EK, Bulmer JN. Malaria as a cause of severe anaemia in pregnancy. Lancet. 2002;360(9331):494. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(02)09662-9.
25. Adam I, Ibrahim Y, Elhardello O. Prevalence, types and determinants of anemia among pregnant women in Sudan: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Hematol. 2018;18(1):4–11. doi: 10.1186/s12878-018-0124-1.
26. Chandrashekar VN, Punnath K, Dayanand KK, Achur RN, Kakkilaya SB, Jayadev P, et al. Malarial anemia among pregnant women in the south-western coastal city of Mangaluru in India. Informatics Med Unlocked [Internet]. 2019;15:100159. doi: 10.1016/j.imu.2019.02.003.
27. Hounkonnou C, Djènontin A, Egbinola S, Houngbegnon P, Bouraima A, Soares C, et al. Impact of the use and efficacy of long lasting insecticidal net on malaria infection during the first trimester of pregnancy - a pre-conceptional cohort study in southern Benin. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):1–7.
28. Goheen MM, Bah A, Wegmüller R, Verhoef H, Darboe B, Danso E, et al. Host iron status and erythropoietic response to iron supplementation determines susceptibility to the RBC stage of falciparum malaria during pregnancy. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1–12. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16896-z.
29. Maharani CR, Yeni CM, Ayu DM. Prevalence of pregnant women with malaria in aceh, symptoms and fetomaternal outcome. Bali Med J. 2021;10(2):534–9.
30. Rubenstein BL, Chinkhumba J, Chilima E, Kwizombe C, Malpass A, Cash S, et al. A cluster randomized trial of delivery of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy at the community level in Malawi. Malar J [Internet]. 2022;21(1):1–13. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04216-4.
31. Cardona-Arias JA, Carmona-Fonseca J. Congenital malaria: frequency and epidemiology in Colombia, 2009-2020. PLoS One [Internet]. 2022;17(2):e0263451. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263451.
32. Romani L, Pane S, Severini C, Menegon M, Foglietta G, Bernardi S, et al. Challenging diagnosis of congenital malaria in non-endemic areas. Malar J [Internet]. 2018;17(1):1–12. doi: 10.1186/s12936-018-2614-9.
33. Nara MB, Huwae IR, Fitri LE, Jahja NE. Malaria kongenital di daerah endemis Indonesia: studi di RSUD Dr. Tc Hillers Maumere Flores. Sari Pediatr. 2015;17(1):21-4.
34. Osungbade KO, Oladunjoye OO. Prevention of congenital transmission of malaria in Sub-Saharan African Countries: challenges and implications for health system strengthening. J Trop Med [Internet]. 2012;2012:1-6. doi: 10.1155/2012/648456.
35. Chawanpaiboon S, Vogel JP, Moller AB, Lumbiganon P, Petzold M, Hogan D, et al. Global, regional, and national estimates of levels of preterm birth in 2014: a systematic review and modelling analysis. Lancet Glob Heal. 2019;7(1):e37–46. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30451-0.
36. UNICEF, WHO. Low birthweight estimates: levels and trends 2000–2015. [Internet]. Genewa: World Health Organization: 2019. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/reports/UNICEF-WHO-low-birthweight-estimates-2019.
37. Carmona-Fonseca J, Cardona-Arias JA. Placental malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax or P. falciparum in Colombia: histopathology and mediators in placental processes. PLoS One [Internet]. 2022;17(1):1–16. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263092.
38. Zakama AK, Ozarslan N, Gaw SL. Placental malaria. Curr Trop Med Reports. 2020;7(4):162–71. doi: 10.1007/s40475-020-00213-2.
39. Lawford HLS, Lee AC, Kumar S, Liley HG, Bora S. Establishing a conceptual framework of the impact of placental malaria on infant neurodevelopment. Int J Infect Dis. 2019;84:54–65. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.04.019.
40. Kitojo C, Chacky F, Kigadye ES, Mugasa JP, Lusasi A, Mohamed A, et al. Evaluation of a single screen and treat strategy to detect asymptomatic malaria among pregnant women from selected health facilities in Lindi region, Tanzania. Malar J. 2020;19(1):1–8. doi: 10.1186/s12936-020-03513-0.
41. Anto F, Agongo IH, Asoala V, Awini E, Oduro AR. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy: assessment of the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine three-dose policy on birth outcomes in Rural Northern Ghana. J Trop Med. 2019;2019. doi: 10.1155/2019/6712685.
Published
2023-01-23
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Purwatiningsih Y, Lestyoningrum S, Sunaryo S, Puspita D. Systematic Review: Prevalensi dan Dampak Infeksi Malaria pada Wanita Hamil dan Neonatal. blb [Internet]. 23Jan.2023 [cited 2May2024];18(2):119-28. Available from: http://ejournal2.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/blb/article/view/6322
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