Quality of life among Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) patients with higher education
Abstract
Latar belakang: Salah satu penilaian keberhasilan Program Terapi Rumatan Metadon (PTRM) yang merupakan
program rehabilitasi terhadap pengguna narkoba -- khususnya pengguna narkotika suntik -- adalah kualitas
hidup klien. Oleh karena itu perlu diidentifikasi beberapa faktor yang dominan mempengaruhinya.
Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan di Puskesmas Kedung Badak
dan Bogor Timur di Kota Bogor. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan pengisian kuesioner
WHOQOL-BREF pada April-Juni 2018. Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan regresi linier multivariabel.
Hasil: Responden dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 62 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata skor kualitas
hidup klien PTRM di Kota Bogor pada domain fisik sebesar 57,6; domain psikologis sebesar 57,5; domain sosial
sebesar 63,6; dan domain lingkungan 63,9. Dibandingkan rerata skor populasi sehat di Indonesia, domain fisik
dan psikologis lebih rendah daripada populasi tersebut, sedangkan domain psikologis tidak berbeda dengan
populasi tersebut. Adapun skor domain lingkungan lebih tinggi dibandingkan populasi sehat Indonesia. Faktor
yang dominan dalam menentukan kualitas hidup pada domain fisik dan lingkungan adalah tingkat pendidikan,
sedangkan domain psikologis adalah dosis metadon. Faktor yang dominan dalam menentukan kualitas hidup
domain sosial adalah adanya seseorang yang dapat diajak bicara.
Kesimpulan: Semakin tinggi tingkat pendidikan klien, maka kualitas hidup klien pada seluruh domain akan
semakin baik. Klien PTRM dengan tingkat pendidikan yang lebih rendah harus dipantau untuk meningkatkan
kualitas hidupnya. Penanganan klien dengan pendekatan individual dan dukungan sosial dari keluarga dan
teman diperlukan untuk meningkatkan motivasi serta kepatuhan klien dalam menjalani terapi metadon. (Health
Science Journal of Indonesia 2018;9(2):93-9)
Kata kunci: Kualitas hidup, metadon
Abstract
Background: One of the objective in Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) which is a rehabilitation
program for injecting drug users is quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine quality of
life among MMT patients.
Methods: The cross sectional study was conducted in Kedung Badak Primary Health Care and Bogor
Timur in Bogor. Data were collected from interview and filling out WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire from
April-June 2018. Analysis was performed using multiple linier regression.
Results: Total subjects in this study was 62 subjects. The results showed mean scores for physical domain
was 57.6; psychological domain was 57.5; social domain was 63.6; and environmental domain was 63.9.
Compared with Indonesian, MMT patient scores were higher in environmental domain and lower in
physical and psychological domain while social domain had no different with it. The dominant factor in
determining physical and environmental domain was level of education, while the psychological domain
was methadone dose, and the existence of someones to talk to was dominant factor for social domain.
Conclusion: The higher level of education, will produce better quality of life in all domains. MMT
patients with lower level education must be monitored to improve their quality of life. It is suggested to
treat patients based on individual approaches and support from family and friends is needed to motivate
clients and adherence to the therapy. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2018;9(2):93-9)
Keywords: Methadone, quality of life
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