Clinical and virological profile of Dengue cases: a study in Samarinda and Manado
Abstract
Latar Belakang: Infeksi virus dengue masih merupakan masalah kesehatan di Indonesia. Studi ini
dilakukan di Samarinda dan Manado, tujuannya untuk mendapatkan profil klinis dan virologi dari
penderita anak dan dewasa di Wilayah Tengah Indonesia.
Metode: Ini merupakan studi deskriptif, kasus infeksi dengue didapat dari Rumah Sakit Umum di
Samarinda dan Manado pada tahun 2012-2013. Sampel darah berasal dari penderita infeksi dengue yang
dirawat di Bagian Anak dan Penyakit Dalam. Konfirmasi infeksi dengue dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan
nested RT-PCR, deteksi antibodi Ig M dan Ig G dilakukan dengan capture ELISA untuk menentukan
kemungkian infeksi dengue maupun jenis infeksi. Definisi infeksi primer dan sekunder berdasarkan
keberadaan antibodi Ig G. Profil klinis dijabarkan berdasarkan sampel terkonfirmasi infeksi dengue.
Hasil: Sebanyak 485 penderita ikut dalam penelitian ini, 40 % diantaranya terkonfirmasi infeksi dengue.
Tiga puluh lima persen diantaranya kemungkinan terinfeksi virus dengue berdasarkan antibodi. Secara
umum virus dengue serotipe 2 (DENV-2) paling banyak ditemukan pada penelitian ini, selain itu ditemukan
juga infeksi campuran (2 serotip berbeda) di Samarinda. Sebanyak 72 % dari kasus terkonfirmasi infeksi
dengue merupakan infeksi sekunder, demikian juga pada penderita anak. Demam, sakit kepala, mual dan
nyeri pada perut merupakan profil klinis yang paling banyak ditemukan.
Kesimpulan: Keempat serotip virus dengue ditemukan dari kasus-kasus di RS Abdul Wahab Sjahranie,
Samarinda dan RS. Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou, Manado, secara umum DENV-2 merupakan yang paling
dominan. Kebanyakan penderita sudah pernah terinfeksi dengue sebelumnya demikian juga penderita anak.
(Health Science Journal of Indonesia 2018;9(2):76-81)
Kata kunci: Infeksi dengue, Samarinda, Manado
Abstract
Background: Dengue infection is one of public health problem in Indonesia. This study was conducted
Samarinda and Manado, which aimed to report of clinical and virological profile among hospitalized
children and adult dengue patients in central region of Indonesia.
Method: This was a descriptive study, dengue cases were collected in general hospital in Samarinda and
Manado from 2012 to 2013. Patient with dengue infection when admitted from pediatric and internal
diseases ward included in this study. Sera were collected and nested RT-PCR was performed to confirmed
dengue virus. Dengue Ig M/Ig G antibodies detected using capture ELISA for probability of dengue
infection. Definition of primary and secondary infection was based on existence of IgG antibodies. Clinical
profile was described base on confirmed results.
Results: Four hundred and eighty five cases were included; 40 % were confirmed dengue infection and
35 % were probably dengue infection based on antibody. Dengue serotype 2 was dominant from both
sites, furthermore mixed infections were found in Samarinda. Seventy two percent of confirmed cases
were secondary infection, likewise in children. Fever, headache, nausea and abdominal pain were the most
common signs and symptoms of confirmed cases.
Conclusion: All four serotype of DENV found cases in Abdul Wahab Sjahranie Hospital, Samarinda
and Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital, Manado, generally DENV-2 were dominant. Most of the cases have
been exposed to dengue infection previously similarly in children. (Health Science Journal of Indonesia
2018;9(2):76-81)
Keywords: Dengue infection, Samarinda, Manado
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