HUBUNGAN KANDUNGAN IODIUM GARAM RUMAH TANGGA DENGAN STATUS IODIUM WANITA USIA SUBUR DI KABUPATEN WONOGIRI
Abstract
Latar Belakang. Status iodium merupakan penentu utama gangguan tiroid pada wanita. Wanita usia subur (WUS) merupakan kelompok populasi berisiko tinggi. Gangguan fungsi tiroid pada WUS akan meningkatkan risiko kehamilan dan berdampak negatif terhadap perkembangan anak. Tujuan. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kandungan iodium garam rumah tangga dan status iodium WUS di Kabupaten Wonogiri. Metode. Studi potong lintang dilakukan di Kabupaten Wonogiri. Total 170 responden wanita berusia 15-49 tahun, dilakukan pengukuran terhadap kandungan iodium garam rumah tangga, konsentrasi iodium urine (KIU), dan kadar thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) serum. Analisis kandungan iodium garam rumah tangga dilakukan dengan metode titrasi iodometrik, KIU dengan metode ammonium persulfate digestion, dan kadar TSH serum dengan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hasil. Analisis 170 sampel menunjukkan cakupan garam beriodium rumah tangga yang memadai yaitu 53,5 persen. Median KIU WUS 178,5 μg/L, dengan proporsi nilai KIU < 100 μg/L dan < 50 μg/L masing-masing 17,7 persen dan 7,1 persen. Kandungan iodium garam rumah tangga berhubungan bermakna dengan KIU WUS (p<0,05) dan tidak berhubungan bermakna dengan kadar TSH serum WUS (p>0,05). Kesimpulan. Cakupan garam beriodium tingkat rumah tangga di Kabupaten Wonogiri di bawah sasaran universal salt iodization (USI) (cakupan ≥ 90 persen). Nilai KIU < 100 μg/L dan < 50 μg/L masing-masing kurang dari 50 persen dan 20 persen, menunjukkan asupan iodium memadai. Kandungan iodium garam rumah tangga berpengaruh terhadap tingkat asupan iodium.
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