ANALISIS KEBERADAAN VEKTOR STADIUM PRADEWASA DAN DEWASA TERHADAP SIRKULASI VIRUS DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DAN CHIKUNGUNYA DI PROVINSI DKI JAKARTA
ANALYSIS OF LARVA AND ADULT VECTOR DENSITY ON THE PRESENCE OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER AND CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS IN DKI JAKARTA PROVINCE
Abstract
The Special Capital Region of Jakarta is the sixth-highest province with a DHF incidence in Indonesia in 2017, however, no Chikungunya cases were found. North Jakarta, East Jakarta, and West Jakarta were reported as high endemic dengue areas. The purpose of this study to identify the behavior, distribution patterns of dengue vector and chikungunya, and their pathogens as well as their potential transmission in North, East, and West Jakarta. Entomological surveys were conducted by human landing collection, around cattle collection, animal-baited traps, and light traps. The larvae survey was also conducted in selected 100 houses in the study areas. Mosquitoes and larvae of the Aedes genus were collected and examined for the presence of dengue and chikungunya viruses using molecular analysis. The results showed that Ae. aegypti identified as the main Dengue vector and chikungunya vector in DKI Jakarta. Dengue and chikungunya vector were found in various breeding habitat indoor. During this study, Dengue and chikungunya viruses were found in North and West Jakarta. Whereas in East Jakarta only the chikungunya virus circulation was found.
Abstrak
Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta merupakan provinsi dengan kasus demam berdarah dengue (DBD) tertinggi ke enam di Indonesia pada tahun 2017, tetapi kasus chikungunya tidak ditemukan. Wilayah dengan kasus DBD tinggi antara lain Jakarta Utara, Jakarta Timur dan Jakarta Barat. Faktor yang mempengaruhi peningkatan kasus DBD dan chikungunya di suatu daerah antara lain keberadaan vektor dan patogennya. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui perilaku, pola distribusi vektor DBD dan Chikungunya, patogen; serta potensi penularannya di Jakarta Utara, Timur, dan Barat Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Metode penangkapan nyamuk dilakukan dengan umpan orang, umpan ternak, animal-baited trap dan light trap. Survei jentik dilakukan di 100 bangunan masing-masing di Jakarta Utara, Jakarta Timur dan Jakarta Barat. Keberadaan patogen pada nyamuk dan jentik dari genus Aedes diperiksa secara molekuler. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan vektor DBD dan chikungunya di DKI Jakarta adalah Aedes aegypti. Nyamuk ini ditemukan dominan pada siang hari namun juga berhasil dikoleksi pada malam hari. Tempat perkembangbiakan vektor DBD dan chikungunya cenderung ditemukan di berbagai tempat penampungan air di dalam rumah. Sirkulasi virus DBD dan chikungunya ditemukan di wilayah Jakarta Utara dan Barat, sedangkan di Jakarta Timur hanya diemukan sirkulasi virus chikungunya.
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