Analisis Kebutuhan dan Pemanfaatan Buku Serta Pedoman Pelayanan KIA di Puskesmas: Studi Kualitatif

Diyan Ermawan Effendi; Arief Priyo Nugroho; Suharmiati Suharmiati; Lestari Handayani

doi:10.22435/hsr.v23i2.3086

Diyan Ermawan Effendi Puslitbang Humaniora dan Manajemen Kesehatan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3930-7021
Arief Priyo Nugroho
Suharmiati Suharmiati
Lestari Handayani

DOI: https://doi.org/10.22435/hsr.v23i2.3086

Keywords: AKI, AKB, analisis kebutuhan, buku KIA, pedoman pelayanan KIA

Abstract

The high rate of maternal (MMR) and infant mortalities (IMR) is a detrimental health development challenge in Indonesia. The use of the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) handbook and MCH service guidelines are the government’s eﬀ orts in reducing the MMR and IMR. However, the reduction of MMR and IMR is still slow. The ﬁ nding of the previous study asserts the need for MCH handbook and MCH service guidelines modiﬁ cations to be suited to the needs of users, both health workers, and expectant mothers. Therefore, this study mainly aims to analyze the needs and use of MCH handbook and service guidelines by doctors and midwives in the primary health centers. The method was qualitative needs analysis with 137 informants from 12 health centers in three regions of Indonesia. The results revealed that the needs of health workers were clustered in three signiﬁ cant aspects; instrumental (language and book-making materials), managerial (procurement, distribution, and dissemination) and operational (ease of access to MCH handbook and service guidelines as well as the availability of SOP). The fulﬁ llment of these three aspects is expected to improve the MCH program’s achievement, especially in cities where the research took place and other areas with similar characteristics.

Abstrak

Tingginya Angka Kematian Ibu (AKI) dan Angka Kematian Bayi (AKB) masih menjadi masalah dalam pembangunan kesehatan di Indonesia. Penggunaan buku Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (KIA) serta pedoman pelayanan KIA merupakan upaya pemerintah dalam penurunan AKI dan AKB. Meskipun demikian, penurunan AKI dan AKB dinilai masih lambat. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan perlunya modiﬁ kasi buku dan pedoman pelayanan KIA disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pengguna, baik tenaga kesehatan maupun ibu hamil. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian ini bermaksud menganalisis kebutuhan dan pemanfaatan buku dan pedoman pelayanan KIA oleh dokter dan bidan di puskesmas. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis kebutuhan kualitatif dengan 137 informan dari 12 puskesmas di tiga Kabupaten/kota di Indonesia. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kebutuhan nakes terkelompok pada tiga aspek utama, yaitu instrumental (bahasa dan bahan pembuat buku), manajerial (pengadaan, pemerataan distribusi dan sosialisasi) dan operasional (kemudahan akses pada buku dan pedoman layanan KIA dan ketersediaan SOP). Pemenuhan terhadap tiga aspek tersebut diharapkan mampu memperbaiki capaian program pelayanan KIA khususnya di wilayah tempat penelitian.

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