Relevansi, Efektivitas dan Sustainabilitas Model Pemberdayaan Paraji dan Kokolot dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Persalinan di Fasilitas Kesehatan
Abstract
In 2017 and 2018 the Center for Humanities and Health Management conducted health interventions research in Tugu and Rancapinang Village, Cimanggu District, Pandeglang Regency. This research is motivated by the maternal and child health problems that are still experienced in Pandeglang Regency. Intervention research was carried out using a community empowerment method where paraji and kokolot as agents of change to improve childbirth in health facilities. This research uses a qualitative approach with a participatory action research (PAR) method. Data collection methods have used in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and observations. Paraji and kokolot empowerment model to increase childbirth in health facilities are quite relevant to be implemented because it is following the problem of the presence of pregnant women giving birth at home. In terms of effectiveness, this model is more effectively implemented in Tugu village than in Rancapinang Village because the characteristics of the area and the people of the two villages are different. The sustainability of this model is questionable because it is not yet integrated with the local health service
system. As a suggestion, modifying this model according to the social and cultural characteristics of the local community is necessary. Increasing effectiveness in this model is needed to have a strong partnership between paraji, kokolot as agents of change, village midwives, and local facilitators. This model must also be integrated with the local health service system so that sustainability can be realized.
Abstrak
Pada tahun 2017 dan 2018 Puslitbang Humaniora dan Manajemen Kesehatan melaksanakan riset intervensi
kesehatan di Desa Tugu dan Desa Rancapinang, Kecamatan Cimanggu, Kabupaten Pandeglang. Riset ini dilatarbelakangi oleh masalah kesehatan ibu dan anak yang masih dialami oleh Kabupaten Pandeglang. Riset intervensi dilakukan dengan metode pemberdayaan masyarakat di mana paraji dan kokolot sebagai agen perubahan untuk meningkatkan persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan. Riset ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode participatory action research (PAR). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam, diskusi kelompok terarah dan observasi. Model pemberdayaan paraji dan kokolot dalam upaya meningkatkan persalinan di fasilitas kesehatan cukup relevan diimplementasikan karena sesuai dengan permasalahan masih adanya ibu hamil yang melahirkan di rumah. Dari segi efektivitas model ini lebih efektif dilaksanakan di Desa Tugu dibandingkan di Desa Rancapinang karena karakteristik wilayah dan masyarakat kedua desa berbeda. Sustainabilitas model ini dipertanyakan karena belum terintegrasi dengan sistem pelayanan kesehatan setempat. Sebagai saran, perlu adanya modifikasi dalam model intervensi ini yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik sosial dan budaya masyarakat setempat. Untuk meningkatkan efektivitas model ini memerlukan kemitraan yang kuat antara paraji dan kokolot sebagai agen perubahan
dengan bidan desa dan pendamping lokal. Model ini juga harus terintegrasi dengan sistem kesehatan lokal sehingga sustainabilitas dapat tercapai.
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