KEJADIAN ULKUS BERULANG PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS

  • Nelly Marissa
  • Nur Ramadhan
Keywords: diabetes mellitus, ulkus, kriteria UT

Abstract

Ulkus diabetikum merupakan salah satu komplikasi diabetes mellitus (DM) yang paling sering terjadi. Lamanya seseorang menderita DM akan menyebabkan besarnya kejadian ulkus berulang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui insiden ulkus berulang, gambaran penderita ulkus berulang serta penilaian derajat keparahan ulkus, sehingga dapat dilakukan tindakan pencegahan ulkus berulang. Penelitian menggunakan metode potong lintang, dengan melibatkan 57 orang (40 orang dari RSUDZA dan 17 orang dari RSU Meuraxa) responden. Wawancara dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data kejadian ulkus berulang, berapa sering terjadinya ulkus, lokasi, waktu sembuh, mengikuti senam diabetes dan riwayat merokok. Penilaian derajat ulkus berdasarkan kriteria University of  Texas (UT). Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa kejadian ulkus berulang sebesar 28 orang (49,1)% dari 57 responden, kejadian ulkus berulang pada sebagian besar responden mencapai 2 kali, paling sering di ekstermitas bawah dan sudah menderita DM  lebih 10 tahun. Waktu yang diperlukan untuk sembuh terbanyak mulai berkisar dari harian sampai satu tahun, dan sebagian kecil pernah mengalami amputasi. Kebanyakan dari penderita ulkus berulang tersebut tidak mengikuti senam diabetes dan bukan perokok aktif. Berdasarkan kriteria UT kejadian ulkus yang paling sering adalah luka yang sudah mencapai tulang atau sendi dengan kondisi yang iskemik dan infeksi. Tindakan pencegahan ulkus berulang diperlukan, baik dengan perawatan kaki dan pengontrolan glikemik secara rutin.

 

Diabetic ulcer is the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). Duration of suffering DM  will lead to a large incidence of recurrent ulces. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of recurrent ulcer, description of recurrent ulcer patients and assessment of ulcer severity, so that recurrent ulcer prevention can be done. The study used cross sectional method, involving 57 respondents (40 people from RSUDZA and 17 people from Meuraxa Hospital). Interviews were conducted to obtain recurrent ulcer incident data, how frequent the occurrence of ulcers, location, time healed, do diabetic exercise and smoking history. Ulcer grade assessment based on University of Texas (UT) criteria. From the results of the research, it was found that repetitive ulcer incidence was 28 people (49.1)% of 57 respondents, repeated incidence of ulcer in most respondents reached 2 times, most often in lower ekstermity and have suffered DM over 10 years. The time it takes to heal the most ranges from daily to a year, and a small part has experienced amputation. Most of these recurrent ulcer patients didn’t have diabetic exercise and are not active smokers. Based on UT criteria the most frequent incidence of ulcer is a wound that has already reached the bone or joints with ischemic and infectious conditions. Prevention recurrent ulcer are necessary, with regular foot care and glycemic control.

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Published
2017-11-25
How to Cite
1.
Marissa N, Ramadhan N. KEJADIAN ULKUS BERULANG PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS. sel [Internet]. 25Nov.2017 [cited 26Apr.2024];4(2):91-9. Available from: http://ejournal2.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/sel/article/view/1471